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	<title>Agression &#8211; The Observatory For Defenders</title>
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		<title>Indonesia: Investigate and Fully Prosecute the Perpetrators of the Acid Attack Against Andrie Yunus!</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/indonesia-investigate-and-fully-prosecute-the-perpetrators-of-the-acid-attack-against-andrie-yunus/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Mar 2026 13:54:48 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=24582</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<strong>We, civil society across the globe - including the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders (OMCT-FIDH) - strongly condemn and denounce the acid attack against the Deputy Coordinator of the Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence (KontraS), Andrie Yunus, on Thursday, 12 March 2026 in the Salemba area of Central Jakarta, Indonesia.</strong>

The attack was carried out by two unidentified individuals on a motorcycle by throwing a dangerous chemical liquid directly at him before fleeing. This caused <strong>Andrie Yunus</strong> to suffer severe burns to 20 percent of his body, including his face, eyes, chest, and both hands. The assault occurred shortly after Andrie Yunus had recorded a podcast on remilitarization and the judicial review of the recently revised Military Law at the office of the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI).

This attack strongly indicates a planned and coordinated act. The perpetrators deliberately doused Yunus with a hazardous chemical into vital organs, including on his face and respiratory tract, indicating that the attack was intended to take the victim’s life. Therefore, we believe that this incident must be treated as attempted murder and must be investigated thoroughly and transparently by law enforcement authorities.

This attack cannot be separated from the context of the victim’s work as a human rights defender who has consistently exposed abuses of power, human rights violations, and the shrinking civic space in Indonesia. In the days leading up to the incident, the victim had also continuously received various forms of intimidation, including suspicious calls from unknown numbers. This practice indicates systematic efforts to spread fear among those actively engaged in advocacy and the defence of human rights.

Furthermore, Andrie Yunus is one of the<strong> members of the Fact-Finding Commission (KPF)</strong> who, over the past five months, has conducted an independent investigation into the Indonesian Nationwide protests and unrest in August 2025.

Through extensive investigations, the KPF report found that the security forces had used force disproportionately, conducted mass arrests, committed alleged torture, and the large-scale criminalization against activists and civilians. The events of August 2025 also resulted in about 13 deaths, marking one of the largest waves of repression against civil society since the Indonesian Reformation era in 1998.

Andrie Yunus has <strong>protested against the considered non-transparent</strong> <strong>process of discussing revisions to the Indonesian Military Law</strong>. On 15 March 2025, together with other members of the civil society coalition, he forced his way into the parliamentary meeting at the Fairmont Hotel in Jakarta to interrupt the closed-door discussion of revisions to the military law between the government and the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia. This action was carried out in protest against the untransparent nature of the deliberation process, which excluded public participation and risked reviving the military’s dual-function doctrine of the pre-1998 dictatorship.

This assault must be seen as part of a pattern of intimidation against human rights defenders and a systematic effort to silence those who dare to reveal the truth, challenge impunity, criticize those in power, and fight for justice. If a human rights defender can be brutally assaulted in a public space in the nation’s capital, this demonstrates how fragile state protection is for citizens who fight for justice and how narrow the safe space for human rights advocacy has become in Indonesia.

It is also deeply regrettable that human rights defenders in Indonesia are facing attacks and intimidation at the time when Indonesia is the current President of the United Nations Human Rights Council. This contradiction shows the failure of the Government of Indonesia to comply with its international obligations to protect human rights defenders.

Thus, we urge:
<ol>
 	<li>The Indonesian Police to carry out an immediate, thorough and impartial investigation into the attack, identify all those responsible, and bring the latter to justice in accordance with international standards and existing domestic regulations;</li>
 	<li>The Indonesian Attorney General to immediately prosecute those who carried out the attack and those who commissioned it based on the thorough and impartial investigation result;</li>
 	<li>The Indonesian Witness and Victims Protection Agency (LPSK) to guarantee and ensure the safety and protection of Andrie Yunus and his family, especially throughout his recovery;</li>
 	<li>The National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) to ensure the safety and protection of Andrie Yunus, his family, and Witnesses in relation to his work as a human rights defender, as stated in the Commission Regulation Number 5 of 2015 on Procedure of Protection for Human Rights Defenders and Norms and Regulation Standard of the Commission Number 4 of 2021 on Protection for Human Rights Defenders;</li>
 	<li>The Government of Indonesia to guarantee the safety and protection of Andrie Yunus and his family in relation to his work as an advocate, as stated in Law Number 18 of 2003 on Advocates; and</li>
 	<li>The Government of Indonesia to protect all human rights defenders, as guaranteed by Article 28C (2) of the 1945 Constitution, Article 100 of Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and by the 1998 United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Defenders.</li>
</ol>
The undersigned organizations and individuals also call for international solidarity, to continuously monitor this case as well as the recent disturbing climate of criminalization and threats towards focal individuals in Indonesia, to urge the Indonesian authorities to guarantee their safety and civic space, and to publicly oppose attacks and terrorism against human rights defenders, as terror against one human rights defender is terror against an entire society.

We will continue to monitor this case until the perpetrators and those responsible are brought to justice, as there cannot be any space left for terror against human rights defenders in a democratic country.

18 March 2026,]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<strong>We, civil society across the globe - including the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders (OMCT-FIDH) - strongly condemn and denounce the acid attack against the Deputy Coordinator of the Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence (KontraS), Andrie Yunus, on Thursday, 12 March 2026 in the Salemba area of Central Jakarta, Indonesia.</strong>

The attack was carried out by two unidentified individuals on a motorcycle by throwing a dangerous chemical liquid directly at him before fleeing. This caused <strong>Andrie Yunus</strong> to suffer severe burns to 20 percent of his body, including his face, eyes, chest, and both hands. The assault occurred shortly after Andrie Yunus had recorded a podcast on remilitarization and the judicial review of the recently revised Military Law at the office of the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI).

This attack strongly indicates a planned and coordinated act. The perpetrators deliberately doused Yunus with a hazardous chemical into vital organs, including on his face and respiratory tract, indicating that the attack was intended to take the victim’s life. Therefore, we believe that this incident must be treated as attempted murder and must be investigated thoroughly and transparently by law enforcement authorities.

This attack cannot be separated from the context of the victim’s work as a human rights defender who has consistently exposed abuses of power, human rights violations, and the shrinking civic space in Indonesia. In the days leading up to the incident, the victim had also continuously received various forms of intimidation, including suspicious calls from unknown numbers. This practice indicates systematic efforts to spread fear among those actively engaged in advocacy and the defence of human rights.

Furthermore, Andrie Yunus is one of the<strong> members of the Fact-Finding Commission (KPF)</strong> who, over the past five months, has conducted an independent investigation into the Indonesian Nationwide protests and unrest in August 2025.

Through extensive investigations, the KPF report found that the security forces had used force disproportionately, conducted mass arrests, committed alleged torture, and the large-scale criminalization against activists and civilians. The events of August 2025 also resulted in about 13 deaths, marking one of the largest waves of repression against civil society since the Indonesian Reformation era in 1998.

Andrie Yunus has <strong>protested against the considered non-transparent</strong> <strong>process of discussing revisions to the Indonesian Military Law</strong>. On 15 March 2025, together with other members of the civil society coalition, he forced his way into the parliamentary meeting at the Fairmont Hotel in Jakarta to interrupt the closed-door discussion of revisions to the military law between the government and the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia. This action was carried out in protest against the untransparent nature of the deliberation process, which excluded public participation and risked reviving the military’s dual-function doctrine of the pre-1998 dictatorship.

This assault must be seen as part of a pattern of intimidation against human rights defenders and a systematic effort to silence those who dare to reveal the truth, challenge impunity, criticize those in power, and fight for justice. If a human rights defender can be brutally assaulted in a public space in the nation’s capital, this demonstrates how fragile state protection is for citizens who fight for justice and how narrow the safe space for human rights advocacy has become in Indonesia.

It is also deeply regrettable that human rights defenders in Indonesia are facing attacks and intimidation at the time when Indonesia is the current President of the United Nations Human Rights Council. This contradiction shows the failure of the Government of Indonesia to comply with its international obligations to protect human rights defenders.

Thus, we urge:
<ol>
 	<li>The Indonesian Police to carry out an immediate, thorough and impartial investigation into the attack, identify all those responsible, and bring the latter to justice in accordance with international standards and existing domestic regulations;</li>
 	<li>The Indonesian Attorney General to immediately prosecute those who carried out the attack and those who commissioned it based on the thorough and impartial investigation result;</li>
 	<li>The Indonesian Witness and Victims Protection Agency (LPSK) to guarantee and ensure the safety and protection of Andrie Yunus and his family, especially throughout his recovery;</li>
 	<li>The National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) to ensure the safety and protection of Andrie Yunus, his family, and Witnesses in relation to his work as a human rights defender, as stated in the Commission Regulation Number 5 of 2015 on Procedure of Protection for Human Rights Defenders and Norms and Regulation Standard of the Commission Number 4 of 2021 on Protection for Human Rights Defenders;</li>
 	<li>The Government of Indonesia to guarantee the safety and protection of Andrie Yunus and his family in relation to his work as an advocate, as stated in Law Number 18 of 2003 on Advocates; and</li>
 	<li>The Government of Indonesia to protect all human rights defenders, as guaranteed by Article 28C (2) of the 1945 Constitution, Article 100 of Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and by the 1998 United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Defenders.</li>
</ol>
The undersigned organizations and individuals also call for international solidarity, to continuously monitor this case as well as the recent disturbing climate of criminalization and threats towards focal individuals in Indonesia, to urge the Indonesian authorities to guarantee their safety and civic space, and to publicly oppose attacks and terrorism against human rights defenders, as terror against one human rights defender is terror against an entire society.

We will continue to monitor this case until the perpetrators and those responsible are brought to justice, as there cannot be any space left for terror against human rights defenders in a democratic country.

18 March 2026,]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Tanzania: Joint call to prevent a further deterioration of the human rights situation and ensuring accountability for the post-election crackdown</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human-rights-situation-and-ensuring-accountability-for-the-post-election-crackdown/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Dec 2025 11:52:36 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=24228</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In a joint letter, human rights organisations, including the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) and the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) within the framework of the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, alert the Member and Observer States of the UN Human Rights Council to the post-election crackdown in Tanzania.

To Permanent Representatives of Member and Observer States of the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council (Geneva, Switzerland)

<strong>5 December 2025</strong>

<i>Tanzania: multilateral engagement is key to preventing a further deterioration of the human rights situation and ensuring accountability for the post-election crackdown </i>

Your Excellencies,

Following the Tanzanian authorities’ brutal response to widespread pro­tests that took place in the aftermath of the 29 October 2025 presidential and legislative elections, and in light of the ongoing crackdown on dissenting voices and of risks of further violence, we, the undersigned civil society or­­ga­nisations, urge Member and Observer States of the UN Human Rights Council to enhance their engagement with the United Repu­blic of Tanzania and take action to prevent further abuses.

In line with the Council’s prevention man­date, as expressed in particular in Council resolution 45/31, the Council should hold a debate following a public brie­fing by the UN High Commissioner for Hu­man Rights. If needed, stronger action could follow, including the convening of a special session of the Council to address the deteriorating human rights situation in Tanzania.

On and in the aftermath of the 29 October 2025 elections, which, according to the Sou­thern African De­ve­lopment Community (SADC) Electoral Observation Mission (SEOM), took place in conditions that “fell short of the requirements of the SADC Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections” and in which “voters could not express their democratic will,” [<a title="“Preliminary Statement by the Right Honourable Richard Msowoya, Former (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb1" rel="appendix">1</a>] and saw the incumbent President, Samia Suluhu Hassan, of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party, secure 97.66% of the votes, [<a title="Tanzania’s main opposition party, Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb2" rel="appendix">2</a>] wide­spread pro­tests broke out across Tanzania. In its preliminary report, the African Union Election Observer Mission (AUEOM) noted that the Tanzania elections “did not comply with AU principles, normative frameworks, and other international obligations and standards for democratic elections.”

Despite challenges in verifying the number of people affected, including because of a govern­ment-imposed lockdown, media restrictions, and internet and elec­tricity shut­downs, regional and international bodies have raised concerns about the large number of fatalities. Credible reports point to hundreds of people kill­ed by police and unidentified security personnel in the economic ca­­pital, Dar es Salaam, and several Tanzanian regions from 29 October to 2 November 2025. [<a title="See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb3" rel="appendix">3</a>] The actual figures could be higher. Autho­ri­ties have deliberately prevented journalists from reporting on elections and protests.

In late October and early November 2025, Tanzanian police and security forces and individuals in plain clothes assaulted, tear-gassed, and arbitrarily arrested people, including children, leading to hundreds being charged with treason. They used excessive and lethal force, inc­lu­ding live ammunition, to disperse protests and target people they regarded as violating “stay-at-home” orders. In some cases, victims appear to have been shot in the back or in the head despite posing no threat to public order or the security of others. Some victims were also shot and killed in their homes. There have been reports of enforced disappearances and of secu­rity forces “removing bodies from streets and hospitals and taking them to undisclosed locations in an apparent attempt to conceal evidence.” [<a title="Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), “Tanzania: (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb4" rel="appendix">4</a>] A CNN inves­ti­gation suggested the existence of mass graves. [<a title="CNN, “‘Oh my God, this is our Tanzania’: CNN investigation shows police (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb5" rel="appendix">5</a>] While some protesters engaged in violence, and authorities have a responsibility to maintain secu­rity, under no cir­cum­stances may State authorities subject protesters to excessive force or indiscriminately use fire­arms against protesters. [<a title="While protesters who resort to violence forfeit their rights in relation to (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb6" rel="appendix">6</a>]

In addition to the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and SADC, who have expressed deep con­cerns over the loss of life and injuries in Tanzania, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) underscored that acts attributable to the Tanzanian authorities, if confirmed, “would constitute very grave violations of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights […].” It condemned the “dete­riorating human rights situation in Tanzania” and called on the government to “prioritise de-es­calating the […] situation [and] ensuring that security forces refrain from using disproportionate force […]." [<a title="ACHPR, “Press release on the human rights situation in the United Republic (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb7" rel="appendix">7</a>]

Civil society organisations have also highlighted that the use of live ammunition against protesters is un­acceptable and that Tanzanian authorities should end the use of excessive and lethal force against pro­tests and ensure justice and accountability for the violations, including election-related killings. [<a title="See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb8" rel="appendix">8</a>] As of 18 No­vem­ber 2025, pre­liminary findings following a fact-finding mission conducted by the Tanzania Human Rights Defenders Coalition (THRDC), the Tanganyika Law Society (TLS) and the Legal and Hu­man Rights Centre (LHRC) showed that over 700 people had been taken to court from at least nine regions. The organisations docu­men­ted serious procedural irregularities, including arbitrary arrests, individuals rounded up while con­duc­ting normal income-earning activities, and the presence of children among those detained. [<a title="Via Jambo TV, X post (18 Nov. 2025), (accessed on 20 November 2025). Dr. (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb9" rel="appendix">9</a>]

These violations took place in the context of a broader crackdown on civic space and the rule of law, which intensified in the run-up to the October 2025 elections. The electoral campaign was marred by ar­bitrary arrests, enforced disappearances and other violations against dis­senting voices and opposition mem­bers and sup­por­ters. In April 2025, the authorities arrested Tundu Lissu, the leader of the main opposition party, CHADEMA, during a rally. He has been on trial on fabricated charges, including treason, which is non-bailable and carries the death penalty. Authorities bar­red CHADEMA and presidential candidate Luhaga Mpina of Alliance for Change and Transparency (ACT-Wazalendo) from participating in the elections. [<a title="In the lead-up to the elections, Tundu Lissu’s deputy, John Heche, was (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb10" rel="appendix">10</a>]

In a joint communication by UN special procedures, in July 2025, several mandate-holders raised concerns over the escalating human rights crisis with the reported disappearance of over 200 people in Tanzania, including the violent abduction of activists and opposition leaders. [<a title="Communication no. AL TZA 4/2025, 14 July 2025, available at: Also see (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb11" rel="appendix">11</a>] The communication made reference to the growing transnational repression, which saw the abduction and reported sexual torture of a Kenyan activist, Boniface Mwangi, and a Ugandan journalist, Agather Atuhaire, as they were visiting the country to attend the treason trial of Tundu Lissu.

In a reso­lution released in August 2025, the ACHPR expressed deep concerns about human rights vio­la­tions oc­curring in the election context, the violent repression of rallies and other public assemblies, and restrictions on access to information. It also condemned the deportation of the former Minister of Justice and former Chief Justice of Kenya, and the arbitrary detention and mistreatment of human rights activists. [<a title="ACHPR, “Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the United Republic of (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb12" rel="appendix">12</a>]

During the Human Rights Council’s 59th and 60th regular sessions, DefendDefenders raised the alarm over the situation in Tan­zania. It condemned enforced disappearances and attacks on civic space; the arrests, detentions and deportations of former officials and activists (and attacks on the latter) who had travelled to Tanzania to attend a court case; as well as abuses against Tanzanians who attempted to attend court hear­ings in Tundu Lissu’s case. The organisation warned: “With elections approaching, risk factors of vio­lations are multiplying. […] Tanzania is too big to fail, and East Africa cannot afford another major human rights crisis.” [<a title="DefendDefenders, “DefendDefenders’ oral statements at HRC59,” (“Item 2: (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb13" rel="appendix">13</a>]

In a briefing published in October 2025, Amnesty International highlighted how Tanzania’s legal system lacked safeguards to protect political actors and other people from state abuse. In the run up to the elections, Amnesty International noted, authorities in Tanzania had passed laws and regulations that, while framed as administrative or protective reforms, collectively served to constrain political opposition, suppress pea­ce­ful dissent, and expand restrictions on human rights, including the rights to freedom of expression, asso­ciation and peaceful assembly. [<a title="Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Unopposed, unchecked, unjust ‘Wave of (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb14" rel="appendix">14</a>]

Analysts and observers also raised concerns over the environment in which the 2025 elections were about to take place, pointing to flaws in the 2024 electoral reform against a backdrop of unaddressed grievances related to the absence of a level playing field – which led the main oppo­sition party, CHADEMA, to refuse to recognise results of elections that took place since 2005. [<a title="For background, see LHRC, “LHRC Urges Government Action on Electoral (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb15" rel="appendix">15</a>] In the November 2024 local elections, the ruling CCM party won 98% of the seats.

In fact, after an initial period of opening that followed President Hassan’s assumption of office, in 2021, during which she issued public signals in favour of freedom of expression, freedom of the media, and civil society, con­cerns had been mounting over the repression of independent and opposition voices and es­ca­lating authoritarian practices. In addition to grave restrictions on civic space, intimidation of dissenting voi­ces and patterns of assault and enforced disappearances targeting opposition members and supporters and journalists, civil society organisations denounced the forced evictions of Maasai Indigenous com­mu­nities from their ancestral lands in Ngorongoro district. [<a title="“‘It’s Like Killing Culture’: Human Rights Impacts of Relocating Tanzania’s (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb16" rel="appendix">16</a>]

These con­cerns echoed those previously expressed by civil society, under President John Pombe Magu­fuli’s first term (2015-2020), with regard to restrictions on civic space and the rule of law, including the adoption of draconian legislation that unduly restricted the exercise of human rights and the use of legal and extrajudicial methods to harass human rights defenders, activists, journalists and other independent actors. [<a title="See DefendDefenders, “Spreading Fear, Asserting Control: Tanzania’s assault (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb17" rel="appendix">17</a>]

In February 2019, during a “conversation” with the Human Rights Council President and States, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet asked Council Members to “engage Tan­za­nia bilaterally on its rights situation” and urged the country to “accept visits of the Special Rapporteurs to advise on measures to protect public freedoms and other human rights concerns.” She mentioned legis­lative curbs on freedom of opinion and expression, attacks on several prominent civil society members and opposition figures, and an overall “climate [that] denies Tanzanians their rights.” [<a title="See DefendDefenders et al., “Tanzania: 38 NGOs call on states to express (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb18" rel="appendix">18</a>] None of these visits took place.

The current human rights crisis is of unprecedented magnitude. Beyond Tanzania, a country of 67 million people whose reputation as a beacon of sta­bility is now at risk, the stability of the whole region, including East Africa and the Great Lakes, is at stake.

Major protests are planned for 9 December (Independence Day for mainland Tanga­nyika), with risks of further violence and as treason charges have been brought against hundreds of Tanza­nians, [<a title="ABC, “Tanzania charges hundreds with treason, issues arrest warrants for (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb19" rel="appendix">19</a>] including children, for their participation in peaceful protests. We remain concerned that the authorities’ response to further demonstrations be in accordance with Tanzania’s international legal obligations. With many civil society members and oppo­sition supporters having fled the country out of fear for their physical integrity, authorities are now pro­pa­ga­ting an aggres­sive and stigmatising rhetoric according to which protesters and non-governmental orga­ni­sations (NGOs) were allegedly “paid” to hold protests.

The Human Rights Council should act urgently to prevent a further deterioration of Tan­zania’s human rights situ­ation and ensure justice and accountability for these serious human rights violations. The UN High Commissioner for Hu­man Rights issued an important call for prompt, impartial, effective, full and transparent investigations into the killings and other violations committed in the context of the 29 October elections, and for those suspected to be responsible to be held to account.

Serious concerns exist, however, about the national commission of inquiry announced on 18 November 2025 by President Hassan. The commission’s mandate or terms of reference remain unclear, as the wording of the presidential statement that launched it suggests that the scope of its mandate is to “investigate events that led to ‘breaches of peace’ during and after the general elections held on 29 October 2025.” The com­mission does not seem to have a mandate to address the root causes of the human rights crisis or to include representation of civil society, international observers, religious leaders, or survivors and victims’ families. Rather, the commission includes former state officials and retired civil servants, including a former Ins­pec­tor General of Police and the Minister of Defence who was in office at the time of the violence. The com­mission has been rejected by opposition political parties [<a title="On 19 November 2025, CHADEMA rejected the commission and instead called for (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb20" rel="appendix">20</a>] and civil society organisations and does not enjoy consensus. Moreover, on 20 November 2025, President Hassan delivered remarks interfering with the commission’s independence, asking it to investigate how protesters and NGOs had been “paid” to hold protests.

Against this backdrop, in line with the Council’s prevention mandate and with provisions of Council resolution 45/31, in particular its operative paragraphs 6 and 7, we urge States to hold a debate fol­lowing a public briefing to the Human Rights Council by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.

In this briefing, [<a title="The High Commissioner has a universal mandate, which means that he has the (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb21" rel="appendix">21</a>] the High Commissioner should bring information on patterns of human rights vio­lations committed in the United Republic of Tanzania in relation to the 2025 presidential and legislative elections to the attention of the Mem­bers and Observers of the Human Rights Council and highlight any risk of further serious human rights violations.

Should the situation further deteriorate, States should consider convening a special session of the Hu­man Rights Council to address the grave human rights violations committed in the context of the Tanza­nian authorities’ crackdown on 2025 post-election protests and the rule of law. Action taken at such a special ses­sion, including in the form of a resolution, should focus on the need for prompt, thorough, independent, impartial, transparent and effective inves­tigations into the allegations of human rights violations, and for justice and accountability.

We thank you for your attention to these pressing human rights issues and stand ready to provide your delegation with further information as required.
<h2>Footnotes</h2>
[<a title="Footnotes 1" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh1" rev="appendix">1</a>] “Preliminary Statement by the Right Honourable Richard Msowoya, Former Speaker of Parliament of the Republic of Malawi and Head of the SADC Electoral Observation Mission (SEOM) to the 2025 General Election of the United Republic of Tanzania,” 3 Nov­em­ber 2025 (see Conclusion).

[<a title="Footnotes 2" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh2" rev="appendix">2</a>] Tanzania’s main opposition party, Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA), whose leader, Tundu Lissu, was charged with “treason” in April 2025 after his arrest at a public rally where he called for electoral reforms and has been detained since, urged its supporters not to participate in the 2025 elections.

[<a title="Footnotes 3" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh3" rev="appendix">3</a>] See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed Elections,” 4 November 2025, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/11/04/tanzania-killings-crackdown-follow-disputed-elections" rel="nofollow external">https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/11/04/tanzania-killings-crackdown-follow-disputed-elections</a>; UN News, “Tanzania: Reports of hundreds killed and detained following deadly election violence,” 11 November 2025, <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/11/1166334" rel="nofollow external">https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/11/1166334</a> (accessed on 27 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 4" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh4" rev="appendix">4</a>] Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), “Tanzania: Deaths and injuries amid election-related protests,” 31 October 2025, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2025/10/tanzania-deaths-and-injuries-amid-election-related-protests" rel="nofollow external">https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2025/10/tanzania-deaths-and-injuries-amid-election-related-protests</a>; “Tanzania: Election-related killings and other violations must be investigated – Türk,” 11 November 2025, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/11/tanzania-election-related-killings-and-other-violations-must-be-investigated" rel="nofollow external">https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/11/tanzania-election-related-killings-and-other-violations-must-be-investigated</a> (accessed on 19 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 5" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh5" rev="appendix">5</a>] CNN, “‘Oh my God, this is our Tanzania’: CNN investigation shows police fatally shooting protesters, signs of mass graves,” 21 November 2025, <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2025/11/21/africa/tanzania-police-shooting-protesters-deadly-election-intl-invs" rel="nofollow external">https://edition.cnn.com/2025/11/21/africa/tanzania-police-shooting-protesters-deadly-election-intl-invs</a> (accessed on 21 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 6" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh6" rev="appendix">6</a>] While protesters who resort to violence forfeit their rights in relation to peaceful assembly, they do not lose other human rights, such as the right to life or to be free from torture. State authorities must at all times distinguish between protesters based on their in­dividual behaviour, protect peaceful protesters, and avoid collective punishment. Peaceful protesters must not be punished for the behaviour of others. Lethal force must only be used when it is strictly necessary to protect life or prevent serious injury from an im­minent threat. It must not be used indiscriminately. Firearms must never be used simply to disperse an assembly, and they must never be used indiscriminately or in automatic mode (see DefendDefenders, “‘They won’t silence the people’: The right to peaceful pro­test in Africa in 2025,” 4 November 2025, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/they-wont-silence-the-people-the-right-to-peaceful-protest-in-africa-in-2025-with-substantive-case-studies-on-mozambique-senegal-tunisia-and-uganda/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/they-wont-silence-the-people-the-right-to-peaceful-protest-in-africa-in-2025-with-substantive-case-studies-on-mozambique-senegal-tunisia-and-uganda/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025)).

[<a title="Footnotes 7" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh7" rev="appendix">7</a>] ACHPR, “Press release on the human rights situation in the United Republic of Tanzania,” 1 November 2025, <a href="https://achpr.au.int/en/news/press-releases/2025-11-01/human-rights-situation-tanzania" rel="nofollow external">https://achpr.au.int/en/news/press-releases/2025-11-01/human-rights-situation-tanzania</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 8" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh8" rev="appendix">8</a>] See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed Elections,” op. cit.; Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Authorities must investigate police use of force against election day protesters,” 29 October 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-must-investigate-police-use-of-force-against-election-day-protesters/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-must-investigate-police-use-of-force-against-election-day-protesters/</a>; “Tanzania: Unlawful killings and other human rights violations continue amid internet and electricity blackouts,” 3 November 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/11/tanzania-unlawful-killings-and-other-human-rights-violations-continue-amid-internet-and-electricity-blackouts/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/11/tanzania-unlawful-killings-and-other-human-rights-violations-continue-amid-internet-and-electricity-blackouts/</a> (accessed on 19 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 9" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh9" rev="appendix">9</a>] Via Jambo TV, X post (18 Nov. 2025), <a href="https://x.com/Jambotv_/status/1990876046720381009" rel="nofollow external">https://x.com/Jambotv_/status/1990876046720381009</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025). Dr. Juma Homera, Tanzania’s Minister for Constitution and Legal Affairs, disclosed that a total of 2,045 people were rounded up du­ring and following demonstrations across various parts of the country. Speaking on 26 November 2025, during a visit to the Di­rec­tor of Public Prosecutions (DPP) Office in Dodoma, Dr. Homera said that of the total number of detainees, 1,736 individuals were set to be released following a presidential directive. President Hassan instructed the DPP to review cases of those who com­plied with legal procedures and recommend their release during a speech to Parliament.

[<a title="Footnotes 10" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh10" rev="appendix">10</a>] In the lead-up to the elections, Tundu Lissu’s deputy, John Heche, was violently manhandled while at­tempt­ing to attend the on­going treason trial. He had previously been banned from traveling into Kenya to attend a funeral. On 7 November 2025, the Tanza­nian police published an arrest warrant for ten leaders of CHADEMA and started rounding them up in Dar es Salaam, Arusha, and other cities. Since then, several of the party leaders have fled into neighbouring Kenya and other countries to avoid reprisals (see The Chanzo, “CHADEMA’s John Heche Arrested in Dar, Moved to Tarime to Face Undisclosed Charges,” 22 October 2025, <a href="https://thechanzo.com/2025/10/22/chademas-john-heche-arrested-in-dar-moved-to-tarime-to-face-undisclosed-charges/" rel="nofollow external">https://thechanzo.com/2025/10/22/chademas-john-heche-arrested-in-dar-moved-to-tarime-to-face-undisclosed-charges/</a>; DW Africa, “Tanzanian police have issued arrest warrants for ten opposition leaders […],” 8 November 2025, <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@dw.africa/video/7570368148512460044" rel="nofollow external">https://www.tiktok.com/@dw.africa/video/7570368148512460044</a> (accessed on 2 December 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 11" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh11" rev="appendix">11</a>] Communication no. AL TZA 4/2025, 14 July 2025, available at: <a href="https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=30158" rel="nofollow external">https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=30158</a> Also see “Tanzania: UN Experts alarmed by pattern of enforced disappearance and torture to silence opposition and critics,” 13 June 2025, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/06/tanzania-un-experts-alarmed-pattern-enforced-disappearance-and-torture" rel="nofollow external">https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/06/tanzania-un-experts-alarmed-pattern-enforced-disappearance-and-torture</a> (accessed on 2 December 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 12" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh12" rev="appendix">12</a>] ACHPR, “Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the United Republic of Tanzania; ACHPR/Res.640 (LXXXIV) 2025,” 6 August 2025, <a href="https://achpr.au.int/en/adopted-resolutions/640-achprres640-lxxxiv-2025" rel="nofollow external">https://achpr.au.int/en/adopted-resolutions/640-achprres640-lxxxiv-2025</a> (accessed on 19 November 2025). The European Parliament also adopted a resolution on the escalating crackdown on independent actors and the political opposition (“Arrest and risk of execution of Tundu Lissu, Chair of Chadema, the main opposition party in Tanzania – European Parliament reso­lution of 8 May 2025 on the arrest and risk of execution of Tundu Lissu, Chair of Chadema, the main opposition party in Tan­za­nia (2025/2690(RSP)).
See also Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Deepening Repression Threatens Elections,” 29 September 2025, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/09/29/tanzania-deepening-repression-threatens-elections" rel="nofollow external">https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/09/29/tanzania-deepening-repression-threatens-elections</a>; Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Authorities instil climate of fear and step up repression ahead of general elections,” 20 October 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-instil-climate-of-fear-and-step-up-repression-ahead-of-general-elections/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-instil-climate-of-fear-and-step-up-repression-ahead-of-general-elections/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 13" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh13" rev="appendix">13</a>] DefendDefenders, “DefendDefenders’ oral statements at HRC59,” <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc59/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc59/</a> (“Item 2: Interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner’s annual report (17 June 2025)”); “DefendDefenders’ oral statements at HRC60,” <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc60/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc60/</a> (“Item 2: General debate (10 September 2025)”) (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 14" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh14" rev="appendix">14</a>] Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Unopposed, unchecked, unjust ‘Wave of Terror’ sweeps Tanzania ahead of 2025 vote,” 20 October 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr56/0376/2025/en/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr56/0376/2025/en/</a> (accessed on 27 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 15" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh15" rev="appendix">15</a>] For background, see LHRC, “LHRC Urges Government Action on Electoral Reform,” 4 April 2024, <a href="https://humanrights.or.tz/en/news-events/electoral_reforms" rel="nofollow external">https://humanrights.or.tz/en/news-events/electoral_reforms</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 16" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh16" rev="appendix">16</a>] “‘It’s Like Killing Culture’: Human Rights Impacts of Relocating Tanzania’s Maasai,” 31 July 2024, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/07/31/its-killing-culture/human-rights-impacts-relocating-tanzanias-maasai" rel="nofollow external">https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/07/31/its-killing-culture/human-rights-impacts-relocating-tanzanias-maasai</a> (accessed on 21 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 17" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh17" rev="appendix">17</a>] See DefendDefenders, “Spreading Fear, Asserting Control: Tanzania’s assault on civic space,” 26 June 2018, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/spreading-fear-asserting-control-tanzanias-assault-on-civic-space/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/spreading-fear-asserting-control-tanzanias-assault-on-civic-space/</a>; DefendDefenders et al., “HRC39: Address crackdown on civic space in Tanzania,” 16 August 2018, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/hrc39-address-crackdown-on-civic-space-in-tanzania/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/hrc39-address-crackdown-on-civic-space-in-tanzania/</a>; Joint NGO letter, “Tanzania: Systematic restrictions on fundamental freedoms in the run-up to national elections,” 22 October 2020, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-systematic-restrictions-on-fundamental-freedoms-in-the-run-up-to-national-elections/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-systematic-restrictions-on-fundamental-freedoms-in-the-run-up-to-national-elections/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 18" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh18" rev="appendix">18</a>] See DefendDefenders et al., “Tanzania: 38 NGOs call on states to express concern over the human rights situation,” 13 May 2019, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-38-ngos-call-on-states-to-express-concern-over-the-human-rights-situation/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-38-ngos-call-on-states-to-express-concern-over-the-human-rights-situation/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 19" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh19" rev="appendix">19</a>] ABC, “Tanzania charges hundreds with treason, issues arrest warrants for opposition figures,” 8 November 2025, <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/tanzania-charges-hundreds-treason-issues-arrest-warrants-opposition-127327758" rel="nofollow external">https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/tanzania-charges-hundreds-treason-issues-arrest-warrants-opposition-127327758</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 20" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh20" rev="appendix">20</a>] On 19 November 2025, CHADEMA rejected the commission and instead called for the establishment of an independent inter­national commission “with the capacity, professionalism, credibility, and authority to conduct a thorough and impartial inves­ti­ga­tion” into violations. ACT-Wazalendo also dismissed the national commission as “a mockery, not justice.”

[<a title="Footnotes 21" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh21" rev="appendix">21</a>] The High Commissioner has a universal mandate, which means that he has the ability to monitor and report on the human rights situation in all countries. He also has a duty to report on grave violations and on human rights emergencies and crises. He does not require a Council resolution to do so, and he can present information his Office gathers to UN Member States in the framework of public briefings and informal conversations, outside of Human Rights Council sessions.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[In a joint letter, human rights organisations, including the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) and the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) within the framework of the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, alert the Member and Observer States of the UN Human Rights Council to the post-election crackdown in Tanzania.

To Permanent Representatives of Member and Observer States of the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council (Geneva, Switzerland)

<strong>5 December 2025</strong>

<i>Tanzania: multilateral engagement is key to preventing a further deterioration of the human rights situation and ensuring accountability for the post-election crackdown </i>

Your Excellencies,

Following the Tanzanian authorities’ brutal response to widespread pro­tests that took place in the aftermath of the 29 October 2025 presidential and legislative elections, and in light of the ongoing crackdown on dissenting voices and of risks of further violence, we, the undersigned civil society or­­ga­nisations, urge Member and Observer States of the UN Human Rights Council to enhance their engagement with the United Repu­blic of Tanzania and take action to prevent further abuses.

In line with the Council’s prevention man­date, as expressed in particular in Council resolution 45/31, the Council should hold a debate following a public brie­fing by the UN High Commissioner for Hu­man Rights. If needed, stronger action could follow, including the convening of a special session of the Council to address the deteriorating human rights situation in Tanzania.

On and in the aftermath of the 29 October 2025 elections, which, according to the Sou­thern African De­ve­lopment Community (SADC) Electoral Observation Mission (SEOM), took place in conditions that “fell short of the requirements of the SADC Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections” and in which “voters could not express their democratic will,” [<a title="“Preliminary Statement by the Right Honourable Richard Msowoya, Former (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb1" rel="appendix">1</a>] and saw the incumbent President, Samia Suluhu Hassan, of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party, secure 97.66% of the votes, [<a title="Tanzania’s main opposition party, Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb2" rel="appendix">2</a>] wide­spread pro­tests broke out across Tanzania. In its preliminary report, the African Union Election Observer Mission (AUEOM) noted that the Tanzania elections “did not comply with AU principles, normative frameworks, and other international obligations and standards for democratic elections.”

Despite challenges in verifying the number of people affected, including because of a govern­ment-imposed lockdown, media restrictions, and internet and elec­tricity shut­downs, regional and international bodies have raised concerns about the large number of fatalities. Credible reports point to hundreds of people kill­ed by police and unidentified security personnel in the economic ca­­pital, Dar es Salaam, and several Tanzanian regions from 29 October to 2 November 2025. [<a title="See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb3" rel="appendix">3</a>] The actual figures could be higher. Autho­ri­ties have deliberately prevented journalists from reporting on elections and protests.

In late October and early November 2025, Tanzanian police and security forces and individuals in plain clothes assaulted, tear-gassed, and arbitrarily arrested people, including children, leading to hundreds being charged with treason. They used excessive and lethal force, inc­lu­ding live ammunition, to disperse protests and target people they regarded as violating “stay-at-home” orders. In some cases, victims appear to have been shot in the back or in the head despite posing no threat to public order or the security of others. Some victims were also shot and killed in their homes. There have been reports of enforced disappearances and of secu­rity forces “removing bodies from streets and hospitals and taking them to undisclosed locations in an apparent attempt to conceal evidence.” [<a title="Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), “Tanzania: (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb4" rel="appendix">4</a>] A CNN inves­ti­gation suggested the existence of mass graves. [<a title="CNN, “‘Oh my God, this is our Tanzania’: CNN investigation shows police (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb5" rel="appendix">5</a>] While some protesters engaged in violence, and authorities have a responsibility to maintain secu­rity, under no cir­cum­stances may State authorities subject protesters to excessive force or indiscriminately use fire­arms against protesters. [<a title="While protesters who resort to violence forfeit their rights in relation to (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb6" rel="appendix">6</a>]

In addition to the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and SADC, who have expressed deep con­cerns over the loss of life and injuries in Tanzania, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) underscored that acts attributable to the Tanzanian authorities, if confirmed, “would constitute very grave violations of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights […].” It condemned the “dete­riorating human rights situation in Tanzania” and called on the government to “prioritise de-es­calating the […] situation [and] ensuring that security forces refrain from using disproportionate force […]." [<a title="ACHPR, “Press release on the human rights situation in the United Republic (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb7" rel="appendix">7</a>]

Civil society organisations have also highlighted that the use of live ammunition against protesters is un­acceptable and that Tanzanian authorities should end the use of excessive and lethal force against pro­tests and ensure justice and accountability for the violations, including election-related killings. [<a title="See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb8" rel="appendix">8</a>] As of 18 No­vem­ber 2025, pre­liminary findings following a fact-finding mission conducted by the Tanzania Human Rights Defenders Coalition (THRDC), the Tanganyika Law Society (TLS) and the Legal and Hu­man Rights Centre (LHRC) showed that over 700 people had been taken to court from at least nine regions. The organisations docu­men­ted serious procedural irregularities, including arbitrary arrests, individuals rounded up while con­duc­ting normal income-earning activities, and the presence of children among those detained. [<a title="Via Jambo TV, X post (18 Nov. 2025), (accessed on 20 November 2025). Dr. (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb9" rel="appendix">9</a>]

These violations took place in the context of a broader crackdown on civic space and the rule of law, which intensified in the run-up to the October 2025 elections. The electoral campaign was marred by ar­bitrary arrests, enforced disappearances and other violations against dis­senting voices and opposition mem­bers and sup­por­ters. In April 2025, the authorities arrested Tundu Lissu, the leader of the main opposition party, CHADEMA, during a rally. He has been on trial on fabricated charges, including treason, which is non-bailable and carries the death penalty. Authorities bar­red CHADEMA and presidential candidate Luhaga Mpina of Alliance for Change and Transparency (ACT-Wazalendo) from participating in the elections. [<a title="In the lead-up to the elections, Tundu Lissu’s deputy, John Heche, was (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb10" rel="appendix">10</a>]

In a joint communication by UN special procedures, in July 2025, several mandate-holders raised concerns over the escalating human rights crisis with the reported disappearance of over 200 people in Tanzania, including the violent abduction of activists and opposition leaders. [<a title="Communication no. AL TZA 4/2025, 14 July 2025, available at: Also see (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb11" rel="appendix">11</a>] The communication made reference to the growing transnational repression, which saw the abduction and reported sexual torture of a Kenyan activist, Boniface Mwangi, and a Ugandan journalist, Agather Atuhaire, as they were visiting the country to attend the treason trial of Tundu Lissu.

In a reso­lution released in August 2025, the ACHPR expressed deep concerns about human rights vio­la­tions oc­curring in the election context, the violent repression of rallies and other public assemblies, and restrictions on access to information. It also condemned the deportation of the former Minister of Justice and former Chief Justice of Kenya, and the arbitrary detention and mistreatment of human rights activists. [<a title="ACHPR, “Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the United Republic of (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb12" rel="appendix">12</a>]

During the Human Rights Council’s 59th and 60th regular sessions, DefendDefenders raised the alarm over the situation in Tan­zania. It condemned enforced disappearances and attacks on civic space; the arrests, detentions and deportations of former officials and activists (and attacks on the latter) who had travelled to Tanzania to attend a court case; as well as abuses against Tanzanians who attempted to attend court hear­ings in Tundu Lissu’s case. The organisation warned: “With elections approaching, risk factors of vio­lations are multiplying. […] Tanzania is too big to fail, and East Africa cannot afford another major human rights crisis.” [<a title="DefendDefenders, “DefendDefenders’ oral statements at HRC59,” (“Item 2: (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb13" rel="appendix">13</a>]

In a briefing published in October 2025, Amnesty International highlighted how Tanzania’s legal system lacked safeguards to protect political actors and other people from state abuse. In the run up to the elections, Amnesty International noted, authorities in Tanzania had passed laws and regulations that, while framed as administrative or protective reforms, collectively served to constrain political opposition, suppress pea­ce­ful dissent, and expand restrictions on human rights, including the rights to freedom of expression, asso­ciation and peaceful assembly. [<a title="Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Unopposed, unchecked, unjust ‘Wave of (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb14" rel="appendix">14</a>]

Analysts and observers also raised concerns over the environment in which the 2025 elections were about to take place, pointing to flaws in the 2024 electoral reform against a backdrop of unaddressed grievances related to the absence of a level playing field – which led the main oppo­sition party, CHADEMA, to refuse to recognise results of elections that took place since 2005. [<a title="For background, see LHRC, “LHRC Urges Government Action on Electoral (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb15" rel="appendix">15</a>] In the November 2024 local elections, the ruling CCM party won 98% of the seats.

In fact, after an initial period of opening that followed President Hassan’s assumption of office, in 2021, during which she issued public signals in favour of freedom of expression, freedom of the media, and civil society, con­cerns had been mounting over the repression of independent and opposition voices and es­ca­lating authoritarian practices. In addition to grave restrictions on civic space, intimidation of dissenting voi­ces and patterns of assault and enforced disappearances targeting opposition members and supporters and journalists, civil society organisations denounced the forced evictions of Maasai Indigenous com­mu­nities from their ancestral lands in Ngorongoro district. [<a title="“‘It’s Like Killing Culture’: Human Rights Impacts of Relocating Tanzania’s (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb16" rel="appendix">16</a>]

These con­cerns echoed those previously expressed by civil society, under President John Pombe Magu­fuli’s first term (2015-2020), with regard to restrictions on civic space and the rule of law, including the adoption of draconian legislation that unduly restricted the exercise of human rights and the use of legal and extrajudicial methods to harass human rights defenders, activists, journalists and other independent actors. [<a title="See DefendDefenders, “Spreading Fear, Asserting Control: Tanzania’s assault (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb17" rel="appendix">17</a>]

In February 2019, during a “conversation” with the Human Rights Council President and States, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet asked Council Members to “engage Tan­za­nia bilaterally on its rights situation” and urged the country to “accept visits of the Special Rapporteurs to advise on measures to protect public freedoms and other human rights concerns.” She mentioned legis­lative curbs on freedom of opinion and expression, attacks on several prominent civil society members and opposition figures, and an overall “climate [that] denies Tanzanians their rights.” [<a title="See DefendDefenders et al., “Tanzania: 38 NGOs call on states to express (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb18" rel="appendix">18</a>] None of these visits took place.

The current human rights crisis is of unprecedented magnitude. Beyond Tanzania, a country of 67 million people whose reputation as a beacon of sta­bility is now at risk, the stability of the whole region, including East Africa and the Great Lakes, is at stake.

Major protests are planned for 9 December (Independence Day for mainland Tanga­nyika), with risks of further violence and as treason charges have been brought against hundreds of Tanza­nians, [<a title="ABC, “Tanzania charges hundreds with treason, issues arrest warrants for (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb19" rel="appendix">19</a>] including children, for their participation in peaceful protests. We remain concerned that the authorities’ response to further demonstrations be in accordance with Tanzania’s international legal obligations. With many civil society members and oppo­sition supporters having fled the country out of fear for their physical integrity, authorities are now pro­pa­ga­ting an aggres­sive and stigmatising rhetoric according to which protesters and non-governmental orga­ni­sations (NGOs) were allegedly “paid” to hold protests.

The Human Rights Council should act urgently to prevent a further deterioration of Tan­zania’s human rights situ­ation and ensure justice and accountability for these serious human rights violations. The UN High Commissioner for Hu­man Rights issued an important call for prompt, impartial, effective, full and transparent investigations into the killings and other violations committed in the context of the 29 October elections, and for those suspected to be responsible to be held to account.

Serious concerns exist, however, about the national commission of inquiry announced on 18 November 2025 by President Hassan. The commission’s mandate or terms of reference remain unclear, as the wording of the presidential statement that launched it suggests that the scope of its mandate is to “investigate events that led to ‘breaches of peace’ during and after the general elections held on 29 October 2025.” The com­mission does not seem to have a mandate to address the root causes of the human rights crisis or to include representation of civil society, international observers, religious leaders, or survivors and victims’ families. Rather, the commission includes former state officials and retired civil servants, including a former Ins­pec­tor General of Police and the Minister of Defence who was in office at the time of the violence. The com­mission has been rejected by opposition political parties [<a title="On 19 November 2025, CHADEMA rejected the commission and instead called for (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb20" rel="appendix">20</a>] and civil society organisations and does not enjoy consensus. Moreover, on 20 November 2025, President Hassan delivered remarks interfering with the commission’s independence, asking it to investigate how protesters and NGOs had been “paid” to hold protests.

Against this backdrop, in line with the Council’s prevention mandate and with provisions of Council resolution 45/31, in particular its operative paragraphs 6 and 7, we urge States to hold a debate fol­lowing a public briefing to the Human Rights Council by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.

In this briefing, [<a title="The High Commissioner has a universal mandate, which means that he has the (…)" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nb21" rel="appendix">21</a>] the High Commissioner should bring information on patterns of human rights vio­lations committed in the United Republic of Tanzania in relation to the 2025 presidential and legislative elections to the attention of the Mem­bers and Observers of the Human Rights Council and highlight any risk of further serious human rights violations.

Should the situation further deteriorate, States should consider convening a special session of the Hu­man Rights Council to address the grave human rights violations committed in the context of the Tanza­nian authorities’ crackdown on 2025 post-election protests and the rule of law. Action taken at such a special ses­sion, including in the form of a resolution, should focus on the need for prompt, thorough, independent, impartial, transparent and effective inves­tigations into the allegations of human rights violations, and for justice and accountability.

We thank you for your attention to these pressing human rights issues and stand ready to provide your delegation with further information as required.
<h2>Footnotes</h2>
[<a title="Footnotes 1" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh1" rev="appendix">1</a>] “Preliminary Statement by the Right Honourable Richard Msowoya, Former Speaker of Parliament of the Republic of Malawi and Head of the SADC Electoral Observation Mission (SEOM) to the 2025 General Election of the United Republic of Tanzania,” 3 Nov­em­ber 2025 (see Conclusion).

[<a title="Footnotes 2" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh2" rev="appendix">2</a>] Tanzania’s main opposition party, Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA), whose leader, Tundu Lissu, was charged with “treason” in April 2025 after his arrest at a public rally where he called for electoral reforms and has been detained since, urged its supporters not to participate in the 2025 elections.

[<a title="Footnotes 3" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh3" rev="appendix">3</a>] See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed Elections,” 4 November 2025, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/11/04/tanzania-killings-crackdown-follow-disputed-elections" rel="nofollow external">https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/11/04/tanzania-killings-crackdown-follow-disputed-elections</a>; UN News, “Tanzania: Reports of hundreds killed and detained following deadly election violence,” 11 November 2025, <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/11/1166334" rel="nofollow external">https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/11/1166334</a> (accessed on 27 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 4" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh4" rev="appendix">4</a>] Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), “Tanzania: Deaths and injuries amid election-related protests,” 31 October 2025, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2025/10/tanzania-deaths-and-injuries-amid-election-related-protests" rel="nofollow external">https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2025/10/tanzania-deaths-and-injuries-amid-election-related-protests</a>; “Tanzania: Election-related killings and other violations must be investigated – Türk,” 11 November 2025, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/11/tanzania-election-related-killings-and-other-violations-must-be-investigated" rel="nofollow external">https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/11/tanzania-election-related-killings-and-other-violations-must-be-investigated</a> (accessed on 19 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 5" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh5" rev="appendix">5</a>] CNN, “‘Oh my God, this is our Tanzania’: CNN investigation shows police fatally shooting protesters, signs of mass graves,” 21 November 2025, <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2025/11/21/africa/tanzania-police-shooting-protesters-deadly-election-intl-invs" rel="nofollow external">https://edition.cnn.com/2025/11/21/africa/tanzania-police-shooting-protesters-deadly-election-intl-invs</a> (accessed on 21 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 6" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh6" rev="appendix">6</a>] While protesters who resort to violence forfeit their rights in relation to peaceful assembly, they do not lose other human rights, such as the right to life or to be free from torture. State authorities must at all times distinguish between protesters based on their in­dividual behaviour, protect peaceful protesters, and avoid collective punishment. Peaceful protesters must not be punished for the behaviour of others. Lethal force must only be used when it is strictly necessary to protect life or prevent serious injury from an im­minent threat. It must not be used indiscriminately. Firearms must never be used simply to disperse an assembly, and they must never be used indiscriminately or in automatic mode (see DefendDefenders, “‘They won’t silence the people’: The right to peaceful pro­test in Africa in 2025,” 4 November 2025, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/they-wont-silence-the-people-the-right-to-peaceful-protest-in-africa-in-2025-with-substantive-case-studies-on-mozambique-senegal-tunisia-and-uganda/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/they-wont-silence-the-people-the-right-to-peaceful-protest-in-africa-in-2025-with-substantive-case-studies-on-mozambique-senegal-tunisia-and-uganda/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025)).

[<a title="Footnotes 7" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh7" rev="appendix">7</a>] ACHPR, “Press release on the human rights situation in the United Republic of Tanzania,” 1 November 2025, <a href="https://achpr.au.int/en/news/press-releases/2025-11-01/human-rights-situation-tanzania" rel="nofollow external">https://achpr.au.int/en/news/press-releases/2025-11-01/human-rights-situation-tanzania</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 8" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh8" rev="appendix">8</a>] See Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Killings, Crackdown Follow Disputed Elections,” op. cit.; Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Authorities must investigate police use of force against election day protesters,” 29 October 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-must-investigate-police-use-of-force-against-election-day-protesters/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-must-investigate-police-use-of-force-against-election-day-protesters/</a>; “Tanzania: Unlawful killings and other human rights violations continue amid internet and electricity blackouts,” 3 November 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/11/tanzania-unlawful-killings-and-other-human-rights-violations-continue-amid-internet-and-electricity-blackouts/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/11/tanzania-unlawful-killings-and-other-human-rights-violations-continue-amid-internet-and-electricity-blackouts/</a> (accessed on 19 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 9" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh9" rev="appendix">9</a>] Via Jambo TV, X post (18 Nov. 2025), <a href="https://x.com/Jambotv_/status/1990876046720381009" rel="nofollow external">https://x.com/Jambotv_/status/1990876046720381009</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025). Dr. Juma Homera, Tanzania’s Minister for Constitution and Legal Affairs, disclosed that a total of 2,045 people were rounded up du­ring and following demonstrations across various parts of the country. Speaking on 26 November 2025, during a visit to the Di­rec­tor of Public Prosecutions (DPP) Office in Dodoma, Dr. Homera said that of the total number of detainees, 1,736 individuals were set to be released following a presidential directive. President Hassan instructed the DPP to review cases of those who com­plied with legal procedures and recommend their release during a speech to Parliament.

[<a title="Footnotes 10" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh10" rev="appendix">10</a>] In the lead-up to the elections, Tundu Lissu’s deputy, John Heche, was violently manhandled while at­tempt­ing to attend the on­going treason trial. He had previously been banned from traveling into Kenya to attend a funeral. On 7 November 2025, the Tanza­nian police published an arrest warrant for ten leaders of CHADEMA and started rounding them up in Dar es Salaam, Arusha, and other cities. Since then, several of the party leaders have fled into neighbouring Kenya and other countries to avoid reprisals (see The Chanzo, “CHADEMA’s John Heche Arrested in Dar, Moved to Tarime to Face Undisclosed Charges,” 22 October 2025, <a href="https://thechanzo.com/2025/10/22/chademas-john-heche-arrested-in-dar-moved-to-tarime-to-face-undisclosed-charges/" rel="nofollow external">https://thechanzo.com/2025/10/22/chademas-john-heche-arrested-in-dar-moved-to-tarime-to-face-undisclosed-charges/</a>; DW Africa, “Tanzanian police have issued arrest warrants for ten opposition leaders […],” 8 November 2025, <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@dw.africa/video/7570368148512460044" rel="nofollow external">https://www.tiktok.com/@dw.africa/video/7570368148512460044</a> (accessed on 2 December 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 11" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh11" rev="appendix">11</a>] Communication no. AL TZA 4/2025, 14 July 2025, available at: <a href="https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=30158" rel="nofollow external">https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=30158</a> Also see “Tanzania: UN Experts alarmed by pattern of enforced disappearance and torture to silence opposition and critics,” 13 June 2025, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/06/tanzania-un-experts-alarmed-pattern-enforced-disappearance-and-torture" rel="nofollow external">https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/06/tanzania-un-experts-alarmed-pattern-enforced-disappearance-and-torture</a> (accessed on 2 December 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 12" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh12" rev="appendix">12</a>] ACHPR, “Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the United Republic of Tanzania; ACHPR/Res.640 (LXXXIV) 2025,” 6 August 2025, <a href="https://achpr.au.int/en/adopted-resolutions/640-achprres640-lxxxiv-2025" rel="nofollow external">https://achpr.au.int/en/adopted-resolutions/640-achprres640-lxxxiv-2025</a> (accessed on 19 November 2025). The European Parliament also adopted a resolution on the escalating crackdown on independent actors and the political opposition (“Arrest and risk of execution of Tundu Lissu, Chair of Chadema, the main opposition party in Tanzania – European Parliament reso­lution of 8 May 2025 on the arrest and risk of execution of Tundu Lissu, Chair of Chadema, the main opposition party in Tan­za­nia (2025/2690(RSP)).
See also Human Rights Watch, “Tanzania: Deepening Repression Threatens Elections,” 29 September 2025, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/09/29/tanzania-deepening-repression-threatens-elections" rel="nofollow external">https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/09/29/tanzania-deepening-repression-threatens-elections</a>; Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Authorities instil climate of fear and step up repression ahead of general elections,” 20 October 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-instil-climate-of-fear-and-step-up-repression-ahead-of-general-elections/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2025/10/tanzania-authorities-instil-climate-of-fear-and-step-up-repression-ahead-of-general-elections/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 13" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh13" rev="appendix">13</a>] DefendDefenders, “DefendDefenders’ oral statements at HRC59,” <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc59/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc59/</a> (“Item 2: Interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner’s annual report (17 June 2025)”); “DefendDefenders’ oral statements at HRC60,” <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc60/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/oral-statements-hrc60/</a> (“Item 2: General debate (10 September 2025)”) (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 14" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh14" rev="appendix">14</a>] Amnesty International, “Tanzania: Unopposed, unchecked, unjust ‘Wave of Terror’ sweeps Tanzania ahead of 2025 vote,” 20 October 2025, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr56/0376/2025/en/" rel="nofollow external">https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr56/0376/2025/en/</a> (accessed on 27 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 15" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh15" rev="appendix">15</a>] For background, see LHRC, “LHRC Urges Government Action on Electoral Reform,” 4 April 2024, <a href="https://humanrights.or.tz/en/news-events/electoral_reforms" rel="nofollow external">https://humanrights.or.tz/en/news-events/electoral_reforms</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 16" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh16" rev="appendix">16</a>] “‘It’s Like Killing Culture’: Human Rights Impacts of Relocating Tanzania’s Maasai,” 31 July 2024, <a href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/07/31/its-killing-culture/human-rights-impacts-relocating-tanzanias-maasai" rel="nofollow external">https://www.hrw.org/report/2024/07/31/its-killing-culture/human-rights-impacts-relocating-tanzanias-maasai</a> (accessed on 21 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 17" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh17" rev="appendix">17</a>] See DefendDefenders, “Spreading Fear, Asserting Control: Tanzania’s assault on civic space,” 26 June 2018, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/spreading-fear-asserting-control-tanzanias-assault-on-civic-space/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/spreading-fear-asserting-control-tanzanias-assault-on-civic-space/</a>; DefendDefenders et al., “HRC39: Address crackdown on civic space in Tanzania,” 16 August 2018, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/hrc39-address-crackdown-on-civic-space-in-tanzania/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/hrc39-address-crackdown-on-civic-space-in-tanzania/</a>; Joint NGO letter, “Tanzania: Systematic restrictions on fundamental freedoms in the run-up to national elections,” 22 October 2020, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-systematic-restrictions-on-fundamental-freedoms-in-the-run-up-to-national-elections/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-systematic-restrictions-on-fundamental-freedoms-in-the-run-up-to-national-elections/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 18" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh18" rev="appendix">18</a>] See DefendDefenders et al., “Tanzania: 38 NGOs call on states to express concern over the human rights situation,” 13 May 2019, <a href="https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-38-ngos-call-on-states-to-express-concern-over-the-human-rights-situation/" rel="nofollow external">https://defenddefenders.org/tanzania-38-ngos-call-on-states-to-express-concern-over-the-human-rights-situation/</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 19" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh19" rev="appendix">19</a>] ABC, “Tanzania charges hundreds with treason, issues arrest warrants for opposition figures,” 8 November 2025, <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/tanzania-charges-hundreds-treason-issues-arrest-warrants-opposition-127327758" rel="nofollow external">https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/tanzania-charges-hundreds-treason-issues-arrest-warrants-opposition-127327758</a> (accessed on 20 November 2025).

[<a title="Footnotes 20" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh20" rev="appendix">20</a>] On 19 November 2025, CHADEMA rejected the commission and instead called for the establishment of an independent inter­national commission “with the capacity, professionalism, credibility, and authority to conduct a thorough and impartial inves­ti­ga­tion” into violations. ACT-Wazalendo also dismissed the national commission as “a mockery, not justice.”

[<a title="Footnotes 21" href="https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/tanzania/tanzania-joint-call-to-prevent-a-further-deterioration-of-the-human#nh21" rev="appendix">21</a>] The High Commissioner has a universal mandate, which means that he has the ability to monitor and report on the human rights situation in all countries. He also has a duty to report on grave violations and on human rights emergencies and crises. He does not require a Council resolution to do so, and he can present information his Office gathers to UN Member States in the framework of public briefings and informal conversations, outside of Human Rights Council sessions.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Perú: hostigamiento, ataques basados en género y amenazas contra la fiscal anticorrupción Marita Barreto</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/peru-hostigamiento-ataques-basados-en-genero-y-amenazas-contra-la-fiscal-anticorrupcion-marita-barreto/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Dec 2025 10:29:53 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=24222</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[El Observatorio ha recibido información sobre hostigamiento, ataques basados en género y amenazas en contra de la Sra. <strong>Marita Sonia Barreto Rivera</strong>, Fiscal Superior del Ministerio Público del Perú y ex Coordinadora del ahora disuelto Equipo Especial de Fiscales Contra la Corrupción en el Poder (EFICCOP), en el cual lideraba investigaciones sobre crimen organizado y alta corrupción, que involucraban a miembros de la élite política y económica desde julio 2022, que incluirían a expresidentes y sus familiares, altos funcionarios del Ministerio Publico, entre otros.

El 2 de octubre de 2025, la Sra. Marita Barreto fue objeto de una resolución de la Dirección General de Procedimiento Administrativo Disciplinario que declaró fundadas dos quejas interpuestas en su contra. Estas quejas la acusan de haber influido en otra fiscal para denunciar penalmente a un periodista y de haber filtrado información confidencial. Con esta resolución, la Sra. Barreto corre el riesgo inminente de suspensión o destitución de su cargo.

El hostigamiento contra la Sra. Marita Barreto, ha generado graves impactos en su vida profesional e integridad física y psicológica. Los actos de persecución contra la Sra. Barreto se intensificaron desde noviembre de 2023 cuando, como coordinadora de EFICCOP, inició una investigación sobre una presunta organización criminal involucrada en actos de alta corrupción dentro del Ministerio Público y que comprometía a la entonces Fiscal de la Nación, la Sra. Patricia Benavides.

El 26 de noviembre de 2023, la EFICCOP llevó a cabo un operativo en el que se detuvo a Jaime Villanueva, asesor de la entonces Fiscal de la Nación, la Sra. Benavides, por <a href="https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/07/05/asesor-principal-de-patricia-benavides-trabajo-con-ministros-de-castillo-y-respaldo-medidas-de-ese-gobierno/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466493">integrar una presunta organización criminal en el interior del Ministerio Público.</a> En represalia, el 27 de noviembre de 2023, la Sra. Barreto fue destituida como fiscal superior provisional del distrito fiscal de Lima Centro y como Fiscal Coordinadora del EFICCOP. El 7 de diciembre de 2023, la Junta Nacional de Justicia suspendió a la Fiscal Benavides, quien fue destituida. El 11 de diciembre de 2023, la Sra. Barreto fue restituida en su cargo de la EFICCOP por parte del Fiscal de la Nación interino, el Sr. Pablo Sánchez.

Desde entonces, la Sra. Barreto ha sido objeto de persecución judicial y administrativa, acumulando hasta la fecha, 18 investigaciones ante la Autoridad Nacional de Control del Ministerio Público, 17 procesos penales y un procedimiento ante la Controlaría General de la República. Las causas penales se han adelantado bajo los delitos supuestos de enriquecimiento ilícito (Art. 401 del Código Penal de Perú), prevaricato (Art. 418 del Código Penal de Perú) y/o cohecho pasivo propio (Art. 393 del Código Penal de Perú). Ante el inicio de los distintos procesos, la Sra. Barreto ha solicitado defensa y asesoría jurídica públicas en diferentes ocasiones; sin embargo, estas le han sido negadas.

El 28 de febrero de 2024, la Fiscal Barreto recibió en su correo electrónico un mensaje amenazante: “TERMINARAS DESTITUIDA Y PRESA”. Esta amenaza fue el inicio de ataques basados en género, tales como una campaña dirigida desde el canal de televisión Willax TV, donde a través de reportajes se ponían en duda sus logros académicos y, haciendo uso de lenguaje misógino y discriminatorio, se buscaba desacreditarla públicamente. Algunos reportajes sobre Marita Barreto fueron:“<a href="https://willax.pe/politica/marita-barreto-reprobo-cinco-veces-un-solo-curso-y-segun-testimonios-era-conocida-por-inasistencias-y-escaso-rendimiento" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466495">Las vergonzosas calificaciones de Marita Barreto: terminó de estudiar Derecho en 11 años y jaló 24 cursos</a>” y “<a href="https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/como-se-destruyo-eficcop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466497">La Todopoderosa</a>”. Estos hechos no sólo afectaron su integridad emocional y reputación profesional, sino que fueron desproporcionados con respecto a otras campañas de desprestigio dirigidas a otros fiscales hombres involucrados en procesos anticorrupción, por lo que se generó un entorno hostil en su contra que incrementó los riesgos para su seguridad personal.

Pese a estas difamaciones públicas, la Sra. Barreto está impedida por una directiva de vocería institucional del Ministerio Público (GOTINCPP/DIR-02) de defenderse públicamente en el espacio público. La Sra. Barreto solicitó dar declaraciones en medios sobre los casos en su contra, sin tener una respuesta institucional positiva por parte del Ministerio Público.

El 9 de mayo de 2024, el Ministerio del Interior disolvió el equipo especial de la Policía Nacional del Perú que apoyaba el trabajo de la EFICCOP, dejando al equipo especial sin capacidad operativa para investigar. El 13 de diciembre de 2024, el Ministerio Público <a href="https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/como-se-destruyo-eficcop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466499">disolvió a la EFICCOP</a>, dejando sin efecto el nombramiento de la Sra. Barreto como Fiscal Superior al frente de ese equipo.

El 3 de octubre de 2024, la Sra. Barreto fue acusada por el periodista Carlos Paredes del medio de comunicación Willax de haber filtrado información reservada sobre una investigación contra el congresista Guillermo Bermejo. Como consecuencia, el 9 de octubre de 2024, la Autoridad Nacional de Control del Ministerio Público la suspendió de su cargo como Fiscal Superior del Ministerio Público del Perú por seis meses. Cabe señalar que la Sra. Barreto no tuvo la oportunidad de presentar una defensa o responder a estas acusaciones. A ello se sumó la suspensión temporal de su esquema de seguridad atribuido por el Ministerio Público, el cual fue posteriormente restituido de manera reducida como consecuencia de una apelación sobre este tema de la Sra. Barreto. La suspensión del esquema de seguridad fue prorrogada el 4 de abril de 2025, y en julio de este año fue finalmente designada fiscal provincial titular penal supraprovincial de Lima, en la Primera Fiscalía Penal Supraprovincial Especializada en Derechos Humanos e Interculturalidad. Paralelamente, durante este tiempo, los actos de hostigamiento, campañas de desprestigio y amenazas en contra de la Sra. Barreto continuaron intensificándose. Entre estos, la Sra. Barreto denunció actos de vigilancia, intimidación y múltiples intentos de ingresar a su domicilio.

Tras una <a href="https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=29754" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466501">comunicación</a> enviada al Estado peruano el 10 de marzo de 2025 por parte de la Relatora Especial de Naciones Unidas sobre la independencia de los magistrados y abogados, que mostraba preocupación sobre la situación de la Sra. Barreto, se inició una investigación penal a cargo de la Fiscalía Provincial Transitoria Corporativa Especializada en Violencia contra la mujer, contra periodistas de Willax TV, por acoso y violación de domicilio. La investigación continúa abierta, pero ahora bajo la competencia de la segunda Fiscalía Corporativa Penal de Miraflores-San Borja.

El 25 de julio de 2025, 20 personas pertenecientes a los grupos anti-derechos “La Resistencia” llegaron a la oficina de la Fiscal Barreto Rivera con pancartas y megáfonos gritando “burrita Barreto”, quien “tiene enriquecimiento ilícito de las mafias” y otras frases que incitan las campañas de odio y desinformación que vienen ejecutando.

Recientemente, se suman a estos hechos persecutorios la <a href="https://www.infobae.com/peru/2025/09/08/el-hackeo-a-la-base-de-datos-de-la-direccion-de-inteligencia-de-la-pnp-y-lo-que-develo-sobre-nicanor-boluarte-vladimir-cerron-y-el-monstruo/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466503">exposición de información</a> personal de la Sra. Barreto, tras un ataque informático a la base de datos de la Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia de la Policía Nacional de Perú y la apertura de un proceso de fiscalización en su contra en septiembre de 2025. En esta clase de procesos la Contraloría investiga el buen uso de los bienes públicos por parte de los servidores públicos.

El Observatorio señala que estos hechos se insertan en un contexto y patrones de hostigamiento prolongado en contra de funcionarios judiciales que se han destacado por su labor de lucha contra la impunidad y de defensa del Estado de Derecho en el Perú, razón por la cual son perseguidos por una mayoría ultraconservadora del Congreso. Así, lo ha venido denunciando la FIDH desde 2023 en su Informe <a href="https://www.fidh.org/es/region/americas/peru/peru-avance-del-autoritarismo-y-regresion-de-derechos" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466505">”Perú: avance del autoritarismo y regresión de derechos”</a>.

El Observatorio condena enérgicamente el hostigamiento, los ataques mediáticos y las amenazas dirigidos contra la Sra. Barreto, que buscarían desacreditar su trabajo de lucha contra la impunidad, aislarla profesionalmente, obstaculizar su legítima labor en la lucha contra la corrupción y el crimen organizado y en general desestabilizar a la institucionalidad judicial y así al Estado de derecho en el Perú. Igualmente, los ataques contra la Sra. Barreto incluye claros componentes de violencia de género, que instrumentalizan estereotipos y prejuicios machistas para minar su credibilidad y autoridad como defensora y fiscal anticorrupción y constituyen una grave forma de violencia contra las mujeres en el espacio profesional y público.

Asimismo, el Observatorio advierte que estos actos han generado serios perjuicios emocionales, laborales y económicos para la Sra. Barreto e insta a las autoridades peruanas a cumplir con sus obligaciones nacionales e internacionales en cuanto a la protección del personal operador de justicia, y la independencia judicial.

El Observatorio pide a las autoridades peruanas, cesar el hostigamiento, las amenazas y los ataques basados en género contra la Sr.Marita Sonia Barreto Rivera y garantizar la autonomía e independencia de todos los poderes del Estado Peruano, en particular de la administración de justicia.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[El Observatorio ha recibido información sobre hostigamiento, ataques basados en género y amenazas en contra de la Sra. <strong>Marita Sonia Barreto Rivera</strong>, Fiscal Superior del Ministerio Público del Perú y ex Coordinadora del ahora disuelto Equipo Especial de Fiscales Contra la Corrupción en el Poder (EFICCOP), en el cual lideraba investigaciones sobre crimen organizado y alta corrupción, que involucraban a miembros de la élite política y económica desde julio 2022, que incluirían a expresidentes y sus familiares, altos funcionarios del Ministerio Publico, entre otros.

El 2 de octubre de 2025, la Sra. Marita Barreto fue objeto de una resolución de la Dirección General de Procedimiento Administrativo Disciplinario que declaró fundadas dos quejas interpuestas en su contra. Estas quejas la acusan de haber influido en otra fiscal para denunciar penalmente a un periodista y de haber filtrado información confidencial. Con esta resolución, la Sra. Barreto corre el riesgo inminente de suspensión o destitución de su cargo.

El hostigamiento contra la Sra. Marita Barreto, ha generado graves impactos en su vida profesional e integridad física y psicológica. Los actos de persecución contra la Sra. Barreto se intensificaron desde noviembre de 2023 cuando, como coordinadora de EFICCOP, inició una investigación sobre una presunta organización criminal involucrada en actos de alta corrupción dentro del Ministerio Público y que comprometía a la entonces Fiscal de la Nación, la Sra. Patricia Benavides.

El 26 de noviembre de 2023, la EFICCOP llevó a cabo un operativo en el que se detuvo a Jaime Villanueva, asesor de la entonces Fiscal de la Nación, la Sra. Benavides, por <a href="https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/07/05/asesor-principal-de-patricia-benavides-trabajo-con-ministros-de-castillo-y-respaldo-medidas-de-ese-gobierno/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466493">integrar una presunta organización criminal en el interior del Ministerio Público.</a> En represalia, el 27 de noviembre de 2023, la Sra. Barreto fue destituida como fiscal superior provisional del distrito fiscal de Lima Centro y como Fiscal Coordinadora del EFICCOP. El 7 de diciembre de 2023, la Junta Nacional de Justicia suspendió a la Fiscal Benavides, quien fue destituida. El 11 de diciembre de 2023, la Sra. Barreto fue restituida en su cargo de la EFICCOP por parte del Fiscal de la Nación interino, el Sr. Pablo Sánchez.

Desde entonces, la Sra. Barreto ha sido objeto de persecución judicial y administrativa, acumulando hasta la fecha, 18 investigaciones ante la Autoridad Nacional de Control del Ministerio Público, 17 procesos penales y un procedimiento ante la Controlaría General de la República. Las causas penales se han adelantado bajo los delitos supuestos de enriquecimiento ilícito (Art. 401 del Código Penal de Perú), prevaricato (Art. 418 del Código Penal de Perú) y/o cohecho pasivo propio (Art. 393 del Código Penal de Perú). Ante el inicio de los distintos procesos, la Sra. Barreto ha solicitado defensa y asesoría jurídica públicas en diferentes ocasiones; sin embargo, estas le han sido negadas.

El 28 de febrero de 2024, la Fiscal Barreto recibió en su correo electrónico un mensaje amenazante: “TERMINARAS DESTITUIDA Y PRESA”. Esta amenaza fue el inicio de ataques basados en género, tales como una campaña dirigida desde el canal de televisión Willax TV, donde a través de reportajes se ponían en duda sus logros académicos y, haciendo uso de lenguaje misógino y discriminatorio, se buscaba desacreditarla públicamente. Algunos reportajes sobre Marita Barreto fueron:“<a href="https://willax.pe/politica/marita-barreto-reprobo-cinco-veces-un-solo-curso-y-segun-testimonios-era-conocida-por-inasistencias-y-escaso-rendimiento" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466495">Las vergonzosas calificaciones de Marita Barreto: terminó de estudiar Derecho en 11 años y jaló 24 cursos</a>” y “<a href="https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/como-se-destruyo-eficcop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466497">La Todopoderosa</a>”. Estos hechos no sólo afectaron su integridad emocional y reputación profesional, sino que fueron desproporcionados con respecto a otras campañas de desprestigio dirigidas a otros fiscales hombres involucrados en procesos anticorrupción, por lo que se generó un entorno hostil en su contra que incrementó los riesgos para su seguridad personal.

Pese a estas difamaciones públicas, la Sra. Barreto está impedida por una directiva de vocería institucional del Ministerio Público (GOTINCPP/DIR-02) de defenderse públicamente en el espacio público. La Sra. Barreto solicitó dar declaraciones en medios sobre los casos en su contra, sin tener una respuesta institucional positiva por parte del Ministerio Público.

El 9 de mayo de 2024, el Ministerio del Interior disolvió el equipo especial de la Policía Nacional del Perú que apoyaba el trabajo de la EFICCOP, dejando al equipo especial sin capacidad operativa para investigar. El 13 de diciembre de 2024, el Ministerio Público <a href="https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/como-se-destruyo-eficcop/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466499">disolvió a la EFICCOP</a>, dejando sin efecto el nombramiento de la Sra. Barreto como Fiscal Superior al frente de ese equipo.

El 3 de octubre de 2024, la Sra. Barreto fue acusada por el periodista Carlos Paredes del medio de comunicación Willax de haber filtrado información reservada sobre una investigación contra el congresista Guillermo Bermejo. Como consecuencia, el 9 de octubre de 2024, la Autoridad Nacional de Control del Ministerio Público la suspendió de su cargo como Fiscal Superior del Ministerio Público del Perú por seis meses. Cabe señalar que la Sra. Barreto no tuvo la oportunidad de presentar una defensa o responder a estas acusaciones. A ello se sumó la suspensión temporal de su esquema de seguridad atribuido por el Ministerio Público, el cual fue posteriormente restituido de manera reducida como consecuencia de una apelación sobre este tema de la Sra. Barreto. La suspensión del esquema de seguridad fue prorrogada el 4 de abril de 2025, y en julio de este año fue finalmente designada fiscal provincial titular penal supraprovincial de Lima, en la Primera Fiscalía Penal Supraprovincial Especializada en Derechos Humanos e Interculturalidad. Paralelamente, durante este tiempo, los actos de hostigamiento, campañas de desprestigio y amenazas en contra de la Sra. Barreto continuaron intensificándose. Entre estos, la Sra. Barreto denunció actos de vigilancia, intimidación y múltiples intentos de ingresar a su domicilio.

Tras una <a href="https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=29754" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466501">comunicación</a> enviada al Estado peruano el 10 de marzo de 2025 por parte de la Relatora Especial de Naciones Unidas sobre la independencia de los magistrados y abogados, que mostraba preocupación sobre la situación de la Sra. Barreto, se inició una investigación penal a cargo de la Fiscalía Provincial Transitoria Corporativa Especializada en Violencia contra la mujer, contra periodistas de Willax TV, por acoso y violación de domicilio. La investigación continúa abierta, pero ahora bajo la competencia de la segunda Fiscalía Corporativa Penal de Miraflores-San Borja.

El 25 de julio de 2025, 20 personas pertenecientes a los grupos anti-derechos “La Resistencia” llegaron a la oficina de la Fiscal Barreto Rivera con pancartas y megáfonos gritando “burrita Barreto”, quien “tiene enriquecimiento ilícito de las mafias” y otras frases que incitan las campañas de odio y desinformación que vienen ejecutando.

Recientemente, se suman a estos hechos persecutorios la <a href="https://www.infobae.com/peru/2025/09/08/el-hackeo-a-la-base-de-datos-de-la-direccion-de-inteligencia-de-la-pnp-y-lo-que-develo-sobre-nicanor-boluarte-vladimir-cerron-y-el-monstruo/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466503">exposición de información</a> personal de la Sra. Barreto, tras un ataque informático a la base de datos de la Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia de la Policía Nacional de Perú y la apertura de un proceso de fiscalización en su contra en septiembre de 2025. En esta clase de procesos la Contraloría investiga el buen uso de los bienes públicos por parte de los servidores públicos.

El Observatorio señala que estos hechos se insertan en un contexto y patrones de hostigamiento prolongado en contra de funcionarios judiciales que se han destacado por su labor de lucha contra la impunidad y de defensa del Estado de Derecho en el Perú, razón por la cual son perseguidos por una mayoría ultraconservadora del Congreso. Así, lo ha venido denunciando la FIDH desde 2023 en su Informe <a href="https://www.fidh.org/es/region/americas/peru/peru-avance-del-autoritarismo-y-regresion-de-derechos" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1502466505">”Perú: avance del autoritarismo y regresión de derechos”</a>.

El Observatorio condena enérgicamente el hostigamiento, los ataques mediáticos y las amenazas dirigidos contra la Sra. Barreto, que buscarían desacreditar su trabajo de lucha contra la impunidad, aislarla profesionalmente, obstaculizar su legítima labor en la lucha contra la corrupción y el crimen organizado y en general desestabilizar a la institucionalidad judicial y así al Estado de derecho en el Perú. Igualmente, los ataques contra la Sra. Barreto incluye claros componentes de violencia de género, que instrumentalizan estereotipos y prejuicios machistas para minar su credibilidad y autoridad como defensora y fiscal anticorrupción y constituyen una grave forma de violencia contra las mujeres en el espacio profesional y público.

Asimismo, el Observatorio advierte que estos actos han generado serios perjuicios emocionales, laborales y económicos para la Sra. Barreto e insta a las autoridades peruanas a cumplir con sus obligaciones nacionales e internacionales en cuanto a la protección del personal operador de justicia, y la independencia judicial.

El Observatorio pide a las autoridades peruanas, cesar el hostigamiento, las amenazas y los ataques basados en género contra la Sr.Marita Sonia Barreto Rivera y garantizar la autonomía e independencia de todos los poderes del Estado Peruano, en particular de la administración de justicia.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Perú: Ataques contra el defensor y sindicalista Carlos Enrique Carrasco</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/peru-ataques-contra-el-defensor-y-sindicalista-carlos-enrique-carrasco/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2025 15:47:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=24133</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[El Observatorio ha recibido información sobre un ataque contra el defensor de derechos humanos laborales, el Sr. <strong>Carlos Enrique Carrasco</strong>, Secretario General del Sindicato de Obreros del Puerto de la Municipalidad de Supe Puerto (SITRAMOB-SUPE), en el departamento de Lima, Perú.

El sábado 25 de octubre de 2025, aproximadamente a las 21:25 horas, el Sr. Carlos Enrique Carrasco se encontraba en su domicilio junto con su esposa y sus dos hijos, ambos menores de edad, regresando a su casa después de realizar algunas compras, cuando personas desconocidas dispararon a la propiedad en cuatro ocasiones.

Este ataque se dió después de un paro de 24 horas celebrado el 6 de octubre de 2025 y tras una serie de reuniones entre el SITRAMOB-SUPE y la Municipalidad Distrital del Supe Puerto para llegar a un acuerdo tras el incumplimiento, por parte de la Municipalidad, de derechos previstos en el pacto colectivo de trabajo.

El viernes 24 de octubre de 2025, horas antes del ataque, el Sr. Carlos Enrique Carrasco participó en la última junta entre el sindicato y la Municipalidad. Según la información recibida, durante las reuniones anteriores, las autoridades patronales se mostraron hostiles en contra de los dirigentes sindicales, lo que reforzaría la hipótesis de que el ataque sería una represalia por la actividad sindical y de defensa de derechos laborales del Sr. Carlos Enrique Carrasco.

El SITRAMOB-SUPE está denunciando el incumplimiento de los actos y convenios colectivos durante la nueva gestión de la Municipalidad Distrital del Supe Puerto, la falta de equipo de protección personal, la ausencia de personal responsable de la seguridad y de personas responsables de dar entrenamientos de seguridad al personal. Por ello, los sindicalistas señalan que las condiciones laborales para los trabajadores de la municipalidad son sumamente riesgosas y violan los estándares legales. Más aún, el Sindicato entró en paro a inicios del mes de octubre de 2025 para protestar la falta de pagos, el estancamiento de los salarios de los trabajadores desde hace tres años, y su disparidad frente a los ingresos de los funcionarios de la municipalidad.

El Observatorio recuerda que los derechos sindicales y laborales incluyen una serie de libertades protegidas por diversos instrumentos del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. Especialmente, la libertad de asociación, protegida por el Artículo 22 del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, el Artículo 5 del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, y el Artículo 16 de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. Más aún, los Convenios N°87 y N°98 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo protegen la libertad para establecer sindicatos y el derecho a la huelga, así como el derecho a la negociación colectiva, respectivamente.

El Observatorio expresa su profunda preocupación por el ataque sufrido por el defensor Carlos Enrique Carrasco, su esposa, y su familia, el cual no sólo afecta directamente su vida e integridad física y psicológica, sino que impacta negativamente en el ejercicio de la defensa de los derechos laborales que realiza el SITRAMOB-SUPE.

Por esto, el Observatorio solicita a las autoridades peruanas que garanticen la protección de Carlos Enrique Carrasco, su esposa, su familia y todas las personas integrantes del SITRAMOB-SUPE, incluso a través de medidas de protección del Mecanismo Intersectorial para la Protección de Personas Defensoras de Derechos Humanos.

El Observatorio insta también a la Fiscalía Especializada en Derechos Humanos e Interculturalidad a emprender una investigación inmediata, independiente, exhaustiva e imparcial sobre el ataque en el domicilio del defensor; a identificar plenamente a los responsables materiales e intelectuales y presentarlos ante un tribunal competente, independiente, justo e imparcial, y reciban las sanciones penales y de otra naturaleza jurídica previstas en la normativa interna.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[El Observatorio ha recibido información sobre un ataque contra el defensor de derechos humanos laborales, el Sr. <strong>Carlos Enrique Carrasco</strong>, Secretario General del Sindicato de Obreros del Puerto de la Municipalidad de Supe Puerto (SITRAMOB-SUPE), en el departamento de Lima, Perú.

El sábado 25 de octubre de 2025, aproximadamente a las 21:25 horas, el Sr. Carlos Enrique Carrasco se encontraba en su domicilio junto con su esposa y sus dos hijos, ambos menores de edad, regresando a su casa después de realizar algunas compras, cuando personas desconocidas dispararon a la propiedad en cuatro ocasiones.

Este ataque se dió después de un paro de 24 horas celebrado el 6 de octubre de 2025 y tras una serie de reuniones entre el SITRAMOB-SUPE y la Municipalidad Distrital del Supe Puerto para llegar a un acuerdo tras el incumplimiento, por parte de la Municipalidad, de derechos previstos en el pacto colectivo de trabajo.

El viernes 24 de octubre de 2025, horas antes del ataque, el Sr. Carlos Enrique Carrasco participó en la última junta entre el sindicato y la Municipalidad. Según la información recibida, durante las reuniones anteriores, las autoridades patronales se mostraron hostiles en contra de los dirigentes sindicales, lo que reforzaría la hipótesis de que el ataque sería una represalia por la actividad sindical y de defensa de derechos laborales del Sr. Carlos Enrique Carrasco.

El SITRAMOB-SUPE está denunciando el incumplimiento de los actos y convenios colectivos durante la nueva gestión de la Municipalidad Distrital del Supe Puerto, la falta de equipo de protección personal, la ausencia de personal responsable de la seguridad y de personas responsables de dar entrenamientos de seguridad al personal. Por ello, los sindicalistas señalan que las condiciones laborales para los trabajadores de la municipalidad son sumamente riesgosas y violan los estándares legales. Más aún, el Sindicato entró en paro a inicios del mes de octubre de 2025 para protestar la falta de pagos, el estancamiento de los salarios de los trabajadores desde hace tres años, y su disparidad frente a los ingresos de los funcionarios de la municipalidad.

El Observatorio recuerda que los derechos sindicales y laborales incluyen una serie de libertades protegidas por diversos instrumentos del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. Especialmente, la libertad de asociación, protegida por el Artículo 22 del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, el Artículo 5 del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, y el Artículo 16 de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. Más aún, los Convenios N°87 y N°98 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo protegen la libertad para establecer sindicatos y el derecho a la huelga, así como el derecho a la negociación colectiva, respectivamente.

El Observatorio expresa su profunda preocupación por el ataque sufrido por el defensor Carlos Enrique Carrasco, su esposa, y su familia, el cual no sólo afecta directamente su vida e integridad física y psicológica, sino que impacta negativamente en el ejercicio de la defensa de los derechos laborales que realiza el SITRAMOB-SUPE.

Por esto, el Observatorio solicita a las autoridades peruanas que garanticen la protección de Carlos Enrique Carrasco, su esposa, su familia y todas las personas integrantes del SITRAMOB-SUPE, incluso a través de medidas de protección del Mecanismo Intersectorial para la Protección de Personas Defensoras de Derechos Humanos.

El Observatorio insta también a la Fiscalía Especializada en Derechos Humanos e Interculturalidad a emprender una investigación inmediata, independiente, exhaustiva e imparcial sobre el ataque en el domicilio del defensor; a identificar plenamente a los responsables materiales e intelectuales y presentarlos ante un tribunal competente, independiente, justo e imparcial, y reciban las sanciones penales y de otra naturaleza jurídica previstas en la normativa interna.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Condenamos ataque contra Yendri Velásquez, defensor de derechos humanos venezolano y solicitante de refugio en Colombia</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/condenamos-ataque-contra-yendri-velasquez-defensor-de-derechos-humanos-venezolano-y-solicitante-de-refugio-en-colombia/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Oct 2025 13:08:22 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=24071</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Las organizaciones firmantes, incluyendo la Organización Mundial contra la Tortura (OMCT) y la Federación Internacional por los Derechos Humanos (FIDH), en el marco del Observatorio para la Protección de las Personas Defensoras de Derechos Humanos, condenamos enérgicamente el atentado ocurrido el día 14 de octubre de 2025 en el norte de Bogotá contra dos ciudadanos venezolanos, entre ellos Yendri Velásquez, defensor de derechos humanos, activista LGBTIQ+ y solicitante de refugio en Colombia.

Tal como lo reportó públicamente la Defensoría del Pueblo de Colombia, el defensor de derechos humanos Yendri Velásquez, al igual que otras personas defensoras, se encuentra en proceso de solicitud de protección internacional en Colombia, como consecuencia de las represalias y ataques que ha sufrido por ejercer el derecho a defender derechos humanos en Venezuela.

En su más <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session60/advance-version/a-hrc-60-62-aev.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1486026316"><strong>reciente informe</strong></a>, la Subsecretaria General de las Naciones Unidas cuyo mandato consiste en atender los actos de intimidación y represalia por cooperar con las Naciones Unidas en la esfera de los derechos humanos, llamó la atención sobre el caso de Yendri Velásquez, quien fue detenido arbitrariamente en el aeropuerto de Maiquetía en agosto del 2024 cuando se disponía a viajar a la ciudad de Ginebra (Suiza) para participar, en representación de una coalición de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, en la revisión de Venezuela que realizaría el Comité para la Eliminación de la Discriminación Racial (CERD) de las Naciones Unidas. Durante su detención, el defensor de derechos humanos fue sometido a tortura y tratos crueles, mientras era interrogado durante prolongadas horas.

<a href="https://docs.un.org/es/CERD/C/VEN/CO/22-24" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1486026317"><strong>El CERD expresó su rechazo</strong></a> por la detención del defensor Velásquez y urgió al Estado a adoptar medidas efectivas para prevenir todos los actos de acoso, hostigamiento, intimidación y amenazas en contra de personas defensoras de derechos humanos y representantes de la sociedad civil.

Asimismo, las Relatorías Especiales sobre la situación de las personas defensoras de derechos humanos, sobre la promoción y protección del derecho a la libertad de opinión y expresión, y sobre la libertad de reunión pacífica y de asociación, <a href="https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=29559" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1486026318"><strong>expresaron preocupación en una comunicación pública</strong></a>, sobre la anulación de pasaporte del defensor de derechos humanos Yendri Velásquez, así como de su detención arbitraria al intentar salir del país.

Por lo anterior, y ante la intensificación de actos de hostigamiento, criminalización y ataques en contra de quienes defienden derechos humanos en Venezuela, <strong>en primer lugar, nos solidarizamos con las víctimas, sus familiares, así como las organizaciones y personas defensoras que les acompañan. </strong>Asimismo, urgimos a:
<ul>
 	<li>El Estado de Colombia, a emprender una investigación pronta, exhaustiva, imparcial y efectiva sobre este atentado cometido en contra de ciudadanos venezolanos, entre ellos Yendri Velásquez, defensor de derechos humanos, así como potenciales amenazas, actos de vigilancia, o acoso dirigido en contra del defensor bajo su jurisdicción, garantizando la responsabilidad individual de los perpetradores.</li>
 	<li>A investigar potenciales violaciones transnacionales de los derechos humanos dirigidas en contra de personas defensoras venezolanas en necesidad de protección internacional en Colombia.</li>
 	<li>A la comunidad internacional, a responder con decisión, reforzando la protección de las personas venezolanas en necesidad de protección internacional, garantizando procedimientos justos y expeditos de asilo, así como asegurando que las personas responsables de violaciones a derechos humanos y crímenes atroces rindan cuentas conforme al derecho internacional.</li>
</ul>
Además de nuestras solicitudes por el acceso a la justicia, reiteramos nuestra solidaridad y expresión de apoyo, en particular hacia Yendri Velásquez y su entorno de familiares y amistades, así como hacia las personas defensoras de derechos humanos e integrantes de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, quienes han tenido que salir de forma forzada de Venezuela ante el riesgo inminente que existe en el país para ejercer los derechos a defender derechos humanos y a la libertad de expresión.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[Las organizaciones firmantes, incluyendo la Organización Mundial contra la Tortura (OMCT) y la Federación Internacional por los Derechos Humanos (FIDH), en el marco del Observatorio para la Protección de las Personas Defensoras de Derechos Humanos, condenamos enérgicamente el atentado ocurrido el día 14 de octubre de 2025 en el norte de Bogotá contra dos ciudadanos venezolanos, entre ellos Yendri Velásquez, defensor de derechos humanos, activista LGBTIQ+ y solicitante de refugio en Colombia.

Tal como lo reportó públicamente la Defensoría del Pueblo de Colombia, el defensor de derechos humanos Yendri Velásquez, al igual que otras personas defensoras, se encuentra en proceso de solicitud de protección internacional en Colombia, como consecuencia de las represalias y ataques que ha sufrido por ejercer el derecho a defender derechos humanos en Venezuela.

En su más <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session60/advance-version/a-hrc-60-62-aev.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1486026316"><strong>reciente informe</strong></a>, la Subsecretaria General de las Naciones Unidas cuyo mandato consiste en atender los actos de intimidación y represalia por cooperar con las Naciones Unidas en la esfera de los derechos humanos, llamó la atención sobre el caso de Yendri Velásquez, quien fue detenido arbitrariamente en el aeropuerto de Maiquetía en agosto del 2024 cuando se disponía a viajar a la ciudad de Ginebra (Suiza) para participar, en representación de una coalición de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, en la revisión de Venezuela que realizaría el Comité para la Eliminación de la Discriminación Racial (CERD) de las Naciones Unidas. Durante su detención, el defensor de derechos humanos fue sometido a tortura y tratos crueles, mientras era interrogado durante prolongadas horas.

<a href="https://docs.un.org/es/CERD/C/VEN/CO/22-24" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1486026317"><strong>El CERD expresó su rechazo</strong></a> por la detención del defensor Velásquez y urgió al Estado a adoptar medidas efectivas para prevenir todos los actos de acoso, hostigamiento, intimidación y amenazas en contra de personas defensoras de derechos humanos y representantes de la sociedad civil.

Asimismo, las Relatorías Especiales sobre la situación de las personas defensoras de derechos humanos, sobre la promoción y protección del derecho a la libertad de opinión y expresión, y sobre la libertad de reunión pacífica y de asociación, <a href="https://spcommreports.ohchr.org/TMResultsBase/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=29559" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1486026318"><strong>expresaron preocupación en una comunicación pública</strong></a>, sobre la anulación de pasaporte del defensor de derechos humanos Yendri Velásquez, así como de su detención arbitraria al intentar salir del país.

Por lo anterior, y ante la intensificación de actos de hostigamiento, criminalización y ataques en contra de quienes defienden derechos humanos en Venezuela, <strong>en primer lugar, nos solidarizamos con las víctimas, sus familiares, así como las organizaciones y personas defensoras que les acompañan. </strong>Asimismo, urgimos a:
<ul>
 	<li>El Estado de Colombia, a emprender una investigación pronta, exhaustiva, imparcial y efectiva sobre este atentado cometido en contra de ciudadanos venezolanos, entre ellos Yendri Velásquez, defensor de derechos humanos, así como potenciales amenazas, actos de vigilancia, o acoso dirigido en contra del defensor bajo su jurisdicción, garantizando la responsabilidad individual de los perpetradores.</li>
 	<li>A investigar potenciales violaciones transnacionales de los derechos humanos dirigidas en contra de personas defensoras venezolanas en necesidad de protección internacional en Colombia.</li>
 	<li>A la comunidad internacional, a responder con decisión, reforzando la protección de las personas venezolanas en necesidad de protección internacional, garantizando procedimientos justos y expeditos de asilo, así como asegurando que las personas responsables de violaciones a derechos humanos y crímenes atroces rindan cuentas conforme al derecho internacional.</li>
</ul>
Además de nuestras solicitudes por el acceso a la justicia, reiteramos nuestra solidaridad y expresión de apoyo, en particular hacia Yendri Velásquez y su entorno de familiares y amistades, así como hacia las personas defensoras de derechos humanos e integrantes de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, quienes han tenido que salir de forma forzada de Venezuela ante el riesgo inminente que existe en el país para ejercer los derechos a defender derechos humanos y a la libertad de expresión.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>République démocratique du Congo : menaces de mort et des attaques à l’encontre du journaliste Pacifique Muliri</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/republique-democratique-du-congo-menaces-de-mort-et-des-attaques-a-lencontre-du-journaliste-pacifique-muliri/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Sep 2025 11:44:32 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=24020</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[L’Observatoire a été informé des menaces de mort et des attaques à l’encontre de M. <strong>Pacifique Muliri</strong>, journaliste à l’Agence congolaise de presse (ACP) et collaborateur indépendant d’Africa Mining Intelligence, organe d’information sur le secteur minier basé en France.

Le 4 juillet 2025, la maison de M. Muliri à Bukavu, dans la province du Sud-Kivu, a été attaquée par des soldats du Mouvement du 23 Mars (M23)/Alliance du Fleuve Congo (AFC), et le 6 juillet 2025, son domicile a été cambriolé par des hommes non identifiés qui ont pris son ordinateur portable, son appareil photo, son enregistreur et son carnet de notes. M. Muliri était présent à son domicile lors des deux attaques, mais a réussi à s’échapper avant que les hommes n’arrivent, alerté par des voisins. Suite à ces épisodes, M. Muliri a pris la fuite et est entré en clandestinité.

Du 1er au 3 juillet 2025, M. Muliri avait effectué un reportage à la mine de Lomera, dans le territoire de Kabare, dans la province du Sud-Kivu, où il enquêtait sur des allégations d’exploitation illégale d’or impliquant une collaboration entre des groupes rebelles de la région et les autorités gouvernementales de Kinshasa.

Depuis la clandestinité, M. Muliri a reçu des appels téléphoniques et des menaces de mort de la part de numéros inconnus par le biais de textos. Dans des messages supplémentaires envoyés le 19 septembre 2025, les expéditeurs ont menacé de trouver et de tuer M. Muliri s’il n’abandonnait pas son travail.

Selon des sources, depuis juillet, au moins trois personnes qui ont aidé M. Muliri dans son enquête sur la mine de Lomera ont été tuées à Bukavu dans des circonstances encore inexpliquées. Il s’agit de M. Fiston Wilondja, un ancien journaliste devenu photographe, et de deux autres habitants de Bukavu.

L’Observatoire rappelle que ces actes se produisent dans un contexte <a href="https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/20240823_fidh_rapport-obs-rdc_fr_web-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1480609967">d’attaques systématiques contre les défenseur·es des droits humains et de restriction manifeste de l’espace civique en RDC</a>, en particulier depuis l’accession à un second mandat du président Félix Tshisekedi en décembre 2023. La situation des <a href="https://www.omct.org/fr/ressources/declarations/lomct-exhorte-le-gouvernement-congolais-à-mettre-fin-aux-intimidations-visant-les-journalistes-et-les-défenseur-es-des-droits-humains" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1480609968">journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains</a> s’est par ailleurs gravement détériorée depuis janvier 2025, avec l’intensification du conflit à l’est du pays entre le M23, soutenu par l’armée rwandaise selon les Nations unies, et l’armée régulière de la RDC (FARDC) et ses alliés. Les groupes armés rebelles et le gouvernement congolais réduisent au silence les voix qui dénoncent les abus et violations des droits humains dans les territoires occupés par le M23 comme dans le reste du pays.

L’Observatoire exprime sa vive inquiétude face aux attaques et menaces de mort à l’encontre de M. Pacifique Muliri, qui ne semblent viser qu’à restreindre sa liberté d’expression et l’exercice légitime de documentation des violations des droits humains.

L’Observatoire appelle les autorités congolaises à prendre toutes les mesures nécessaires afin d’assurer la sécurité physique et le bien-être psychologique de M. Pacifique Muliri. L’Observatoire appelle également les autorités congolaises à mener une enquête indépendante, rigoureuse, impartiale et transparente afin d’identifier les responsables de ces attaques et menaces de mort, et de les traduire devant un tribunal indépendant, compétent et impartial.

L’Observatoire rappelle au M23/AFC ses obligations au regard du droit international humanitaire et des droits humains, et l’enjoint à faire cesser immédiatement toute menace ou intimidation visant M. Pacifique Muliri, à garantir sa sécurité physique et son bien-être, à diligenter sans délai une enquête interne crédible et impartiale pour identifier les responsables, à coopérer avec les mécanismes indépendants compétents, et à adopter des mesures concrètes de non-répétition.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[L’Observatoire a été informé des menaces de mort et des attaques à l’encontre de M. <strong>Pacifique Muliri</strong>, journaliste à l’Agence congolaise de presse (ACP) et collaborateur indépendant d’Africa Mining Intelligence, organe d’information sur le secteur minier basé en France.

Le 4 juillet 2025, la maison de M. Muliri à Bukavu, dans la province du Sud-Kivu, a été attaquée par des soldats du Mouvement du 23 Mars (M23)/Alliance du Fleuve Congo (AFC), et le 6 juillet 2025, son domicile a été cambriolé par des hommes non identifiés qui ont pris son ordinateur portable, son appareil photo, son enregistreur et son carnet de notes. M. Muliri était présent à son domicile lors des deux attaques, mais a réussi à s’échapper avant que les hommes n’arrivent, alerté par des voisins. Suite à ces épisodes, M. Muliri a pris la fuite et est entré en clandestinité.

Du 1er au 3 juillet 2025, M. Muliri avait effectué un reportage à la mine de Lomera, dans le territoire de Kabare, dans la province du Sud-Kivu, où il enquêtait sur des allégations d’exploitation illégale d’or impliquant une collaboration entre des groupes rebelles de la région et les autorités gouvernementales de Kinshasa.

Depuis la clandestinité, M. Muliri a reçu des appels téléphoniques et des menaces de mort de la part de numéros inconnus par le biais de textos. Dans des messages supplémentaires envoyés le 19 septembre 2025, les expéditeurs ont menacé de trouver et de tuer M. Muliri s’il n’abandonnait pas son travail.

Selon des sources, depuis juillet, au moins trois personnes qui ont aidé M. Muliri dans son enquête sur la mine de Lomera ont été tuées à Bukavu dans des circonstances encore inexpliquées. Il s’agit de M. Fiston Wilondja, un ancien journaliste devenu photographe, et de deux autres habitants de Bukavu.

L’Observatoire rappelle que ces actes se produisent dans un contexte <a href="https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/20240823_fidh_rapport-obs-rdc_fr_web-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1480609967">d’attaques systématiques contre les défenseur·es des droits humains et de restriction manifeste de l’espace civique en RDC</a>, en particulier depuis l’accession à un second mandat du président Félix Tshisekedi en décembre 2023. La situation des <a href="https://www.omct.org/fr/ressources/declarations/lomct-exhorte-le-gouvernement-congolais-à-mettre-fin-aux-intimidations-visant-les-journalistes-et-les-défenseur-es-des-droits-humains" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1480609968">journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains</a> s’est par ailleurs gravement détériorée depuis janvier 2025, avec l’intensification du conflit à l’est du pays entre le M23, soutenu par l’armée rwandaise selon les Nations unies, et l’armée régulière de la RDC (FARDC) et ses alliés. Les groupes armés rebelles et le gouvernement congolais réduisent au silence les voix qui dénoncent les abus et violations des droits humains dans les territoires occupés par le M23 comme dans le reste du pays.

L’Observatoire exprime sa vive inquiétude face aux attaques et menaces de mort à l’encontre de M. Pacifique Muliri, qui ne semblent viser qu’à restreindre sa liberté d’expression et l’exercice légitime de documentation des violations des droits humains.

L’Observatoire appelle les autorités congolaises à prendre toutes les mesures nécessaires afin d’assurer la sécurité physique et le bien-être psychologique de M. Pacifique Muliri. L’Observatoire appelle également les autorités congolaises à mener une enquête indépendante, rigoureuse, impartiale et transparente afin d’identifier les responsables de ces attaques et menaces de mort, et de les traduire devant un tribunal indépendant, compétent et impartial.

L’Observatoire rappelle au M23/AFC ses obligations au regard du droit international humanitaire et des droits humains, et l’enjoint à faire cesser immédiatement toute menace ou intimidation visant M. Pacifique Muliri, à garantir sa sécurité physique et son bien-être, à diligenter sans délai une enquête interne crédible et impartiale pour identifier les responsables, à coopérer avec les mécanismes indépendants compétents, et à adopter des mesures concrètes de non-répétition.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Pakistan: The authorities must end crackdown on Baloch human rights defenders</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/pakistan-the-authorities-must-end-crackdown-on-baloch-human-rights-defenders/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[observatory_admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 May 2025 15:10:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=23518</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[27 May 2025

Respected Prime Minister, Shehbaz Sharif,

We, the undersigned five human rights organisations, strongly condemn the harassment and arbitrary detention of Baloch human rights defenders (HRDs) exercising their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly in Pakistan, particularly in Balochistan province. The actions of your government to systematically harass and detain HRDs, raising their voice against enforced disappearances and other unlawful state practices, run afoul of Pakistan’s international human rights obligations.

Pakistan authorities must end the systematic targeting and harassment of the Baloch Yakjehti Committee (BYC), a peaceful grassroots movement that has mobilised thousands to demand justice, accountability, and an end to enforced disappearances. The attacks on BYC leaders and supporters, who are peacefully exercising their rights to freedom of expression and assembly, not only violates Pakistan’s constitution but also its international legal obligations.

The authorities have consistently weaponised the public order and anti-terror laws to criminalise Baloch civic resistance and unlawfully detain BYC leaders and members. Laws like the Maintenance of Public Order Ordinance, 1960 (MPO), Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016 and Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 and tactics such as travel bans have been repeatedly instrumentalised to silence peaceful dissent, marking a dangerous erosion of the rule of law.

Pakistan authorities have carried out a series of enforced disappearances and arbitrary detentions since 20 March against HRDs and many remain in detention for over two months. The reprisals are in the aftermath of a militant attack on a the Jaffar Express passenger train in Balochistan on 11 March. HRD and BYC central committee member <strong>Bebarg Zehri</strong> and another HRD were arrested on 20 March. Bebarg Zehri, a person with disability, remains detained to date under the MPO—a law which has been used against most of the detained Baloch activists and restricts access to bail. On 21 March, Balochistan police opened fire on peaceful protesters who were calling for his release. Three people were killed and at least seven injured due to police violence against protesters. In the early hours of 22 March, woman human rights defenders (WHRDs), <strong>Mahrang Baloch</strong> and <strong>Beebow Baloch</strong>, were arrested from a peaceful sit-in in Quetta against police violence and calling for Bebarg’s release. The women are detained at the Hudda Jail, Quetta under the MPO. For several hours following their arrest, there was no information about their whereabouts, and the WHRDs were denied access to legal counsel of family members causing concern for their safety, a pattern which is repeated in many of the arrests of Baloch HRDs and family members. Family members have also repeatedly raised concerns regarding detention conditions and lack of access to adequate medical facilities.

On 24 March, BYC leader <strong>Sammi Deen Baloch</strong> and several other HRDs were arrested during a peaceful demonstration in Karachi against the targeting of BYC members and HRDs. Despite being granted bail by a judicial magistrate in Karachi the following day (25 March), Sammi Deen Baloch was re-arrested under the MPO, a deliberate strategy to prevent release and prolong detention by several means. These harassment tactics reflect the intention of Pakistan authorities to intimidate and dismantle the BYC and the work of Baloch HRDs. On 1 April, Sammi Deen Baloch was released following a decision by the Sindh government to remove her name from the MPO detention order. On 18 April, the home of <strong>Israr Baloch</strong> – a lawyer in Quetta representing BYC HRDs – was raided and law enforcement officers threatened his family with consequences if Israr did not stop his human rights work. The authorities also moved WHRD Beebow Baloch from Hudda Jail to Pishin Prison on 23 April where her medical condition severely deteriorated. After being transferred to a hospital on 2 May she was sent back to Hudda Jail, despite her condition not having improved. Her family has reported that she was subject to physical torture while being moved.

The Balochistan authorities continued the crackdown on the BYC leadership and members by arresting human rights defenders <strong>Shah Jee Sibghat Ullah</strong> on 30 March and <strong>Gulzadi Baloch</strong> on 7 April, and by detaining family members of other BYC leaders as part of a pattern of intimidation of activists to psychologically and socially pressure HRDs into silence. WHRD <strong>Sabiha Baloch</strong>, whose father was detained on 5 April and his whereabouts remain unknown, faces threat of imminent arrest on baseless charges. Participants of a peaceful protest organised by BYC on 25 April in Karachi were subject to arbitrary detention on charges of unlawful assembly, public nuisance, and sedition. Similarly on 20 May, 20 protesters in Quetta were detained by security forces and 5 remain under arrest after they gathered for a peaceful protest.

This severe crackdown on Baloch activists violates Pakistan’s international human rights obligations and its own Constitutional safeguards. The Pakistani Constitution guarantees the right to assemble peacefully under Article 16 and the right to freedom of speech and expression under Article 19. Article 10 provides the right to life and liberty and Article 10A the right to fair trial and due process. Pakistan has ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and in its treaty body review last year the Human Rights Committee expressed concerns about the frequent use of the Exit Control Lists, particularly in late 2024, and the Anti-Terrorism Act to arbitrarily restrict the freedom of movement of dissenting persons, including WHRDs such as Sammi Deen Baloch and Mahrang Baloch. The BYC and Baloch HRDs follow a non-violent, rights based approach, and the crackdown on their work including false criminalisation erodes space for meaningful engagement with human rights and the rights of the Baloch community.

These developments come against a backdrop of harassment of journalists and a clampdown on freedom of expression. In March, journalist <strong>Waheed Murad</strong> was arrested simply for reporting on a statement by a Baloch politician. Last month, a case was filed under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act against advocate <strong>Jalila Haider</strong> for expressing online support for Mahrang Baloch. On 24 May, Baloch journalist <strong>Abdul Latif Baloch</strong>, who reported on enforced disappearances, was shot dead at his family home during an alleged attempted abduction. His son previously disappeared and was found dead a few months ago. Frequent internet shutdowns in Balochistan further compromise the free flow of information and has worsened the security situation for HRDs, their families and at-risk communities. Digital censorship, internet shutdowns, surveillance and other forms of restriction on freedom of expression are yet another core tactic of silencing dissent and further isolating and endangering Baloch voices.

It is imperative that human rights are upheld and never sacrificed in the name of security.

<strong>We call on the Pakistani authorities to:</strong>
- Immediately and unconditionally release all Baloch HRDs and their family members arbitrarily detained solely for peacefully exercising their rights in line with the right to liberty and safety.
- Drop all charges against HRDs based solely on the exercise of their rights.
- Pending their release, ensure the safety of HRDs and family members, including by sharing accurate information about their whereabouts, providing effective access to family members, legal counsel and medical treatment.
- Conduct a thorough, impartial, effective and transparent investigation into the allegations of torture and mistreatment by Pakistani authorities of Baloch HRDs under detention.
- End the crackdown against HRDs, journalists, protesters and dissidents by ensuring their right to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly are fully protected.
- Cease all forms of reprisals against family members of HRDs.
- Conduct an effective, prompt, thorough and impartial investigation into the unlawful use of force against protesters on 21 March in Quetta and bring those suspected of responsibility to justice through fair trials.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[27 May 2025

Respected Prime Minister, Shehbaz Sharif,

We, the undersigned five human rights organisations, strongly condemn the harassment and arbitrary detention of Baloch human rights defenders (HRDs) exercising their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly in Pakistan, particularly in Balochistan province. The actions of your government to systematically harass and detain HRDs, raising their voice against enforced disappearances and other unlawful state practices, run afoul of Pakistan’s international human rights obligations.

Pakistan authorities must end the systematic targeting and harassment of the Baloch Yakjehti Committee (BYC), a peaceful grassroots movement that has mobilised thousands to demand justice, accountability, and an end to enforced disappearances. The attacks on BYC leaders and supporters, who are peacefully exercising their rights to freedom of expression and assembly, not only violates Pakistan’s constitution but also its international legal obligations.

The authorities have consistently weaponised the public order and anti-terror laws to criminalise Baloch civic resistance and unlawfully detain BYC leaders and members. Laws like the Maintenance of Public Order Ordinance, 1960 (MPO), Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016 and Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 and tactics such as travel bans have been repeatedly instrumentalised to silence peaceful dissent, marking a dangerous erosion of the rule of law.

Pakistan authorities have carried out a series of enforced disappearances and arbitrary detentions since 20 March against HRDs and many remain in detention for over two months. The reprisals are in the aftermath of a militant attack on a the Jaffar Express passenger train in Balochistan on 11 March. HRD and BYC central committee member <strong>Bebarg Zehri</strong> and another HRD were arrested on 20 March. Bebarg Zehri, a person with disability, remains detained to date under the MPO—a law which has been used against most of the detained Baloch activists and restricts access to bail. On 21 March, Balochistan police opened fire on peaceful protesters who were calling for his release. Three people were killed and at least seven injured due to police violence against protesters. In the early hours of 22 March, woman human rights defenders (WHRDs), <strong>Mahrang Baloch</strong> and <strong>Beebow Baloch</strong>, were arrested from a peaceful sit-in in Quetta against police violence and calling for Bebarg’s release. The women are detained at the Hudda Jail, Quetta under the MPO. For several hours following their arrest, there was no information about their whereabouts, and the WHRDs were denied access to legal counsel of family members causing concern for their safety, a pattern which is repeated in many of the arrests of Baloch HRDs and family members. Family members have also repeatedly raised concerns regarding detention conditions and lack of access to adequate medical facilities.

On 24 March, BYC leader <strong>Sammi Deen Baloch</strong> and several other HRDs were arrested during a peaceful demonstration in Karachi against the targeting of BYC members and HRDs. Despite being granted bail by a judicial magistrate in Karachi the following day (25 March), Sammi Deen Baloch was re-arrested under the MPO, a deliberate strategy to prevent release and prolong detention by several means. These harassment tactics reflect the intention of Pakistan authorities to intimidate and dismantle the BYC and the work of Baloch HRDs. On 1 April, Sammi Deen Baloch was released following a decision by the Sindh government to remove her name from the MPO detention order. On 18 April, the home of <strong>Israr Baloch</strong> – a lawyer in Quetta representing BYC HRDs – was raided and law enforcement officers threatened his family with consequences if Israr did not stop his human rights work. The authorities also moved WHRD Beebow Baloch from Hudda Jail to Pishin Prison on 23 April where her medical condition severely deteriorated. After being transferred to a hospital on 2 May she was sent back to Hudda Jail, despite her condition not having improved. Her family has reported that she was subject to physical torture while being moved.

The Balochistan authorities continued the crackdown on the BYC leadership and members by arresting human rights defenders <strong>Shah Jee Sibghat Ullah</strong> on 30 March and <strong>Gulzadi Baloch</strong> on 7 April, and by detaining family members of other BYC leaders as part of a pattern of intimidation of activists to psychologically and socially pressure HRDs into silence. WHRD <strong>Sabiha Baloch</strong>, whose father was detained on 5 April and his whereabouts remain unknown, faces threat of imminent arrest on baseless charges. Participants of a peaceful protest organised by BYC on 25 April in Karachi were subject to arbitrary detention on charges of unlawful assembly, public nuisance, and sedition. Similarly on 20 May, 20 protesters in Quetta were detained by security forces and 5 remain under arrest after they gathered for a peaceful protest.

This severe crackdown on Baloch activists violates Pakistan’s international human rights obligations and its own Constitutional safeguards. The Pakistani Constitution guarantees the right to assemble peacefully under Article 16 and the right to freedom of speech and expression under Article 19. Article 10 provides the right to life and liberty and Article 10A the right to fair trial and due process. Pakistan has ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and in its treaty body review last year the Human Rights Committee expressed concerns about the frequent use of the Exit Control Lists, particularly in late 2024, and the Anti-Terrorism Act to arbitrarily restrict the freedom of movement of dissenting persons, including WHRDs such as Sammi Deen Baloch and Mahrang Baloch. The BYC and Baloch HRDs follow a non-violent, rights based approach, and the crackdown on their work including false criminalisation erodes space for meaningful engagement with human rights and the rights of the Baloch community.

These developments come against a backdrop of harassment of journalists and a clampdown on freedom of expression. In March, journalist <strong>Waheed Murad</strong> was arrested simply for reporting on a statement by a Baloch politician. Last month, a case was filed under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act against advocate <strong>Jalila Haider</strong> for expressing online support for Mahrang Baloch. On 24 May, Baloch journalist <strong>Abdul Latif Baloch</strong>, who reported on enforced disappearances, was shot dead at his family home during an alleged attempted abduction. His son previously disappeared and was found dead a few months ago. Frequent internet shutdowns in Balochistan further compromise the free flow of information and has worsened the security situation for HRDs, their families and at-risk communities. Digital censorship, internet shutdowns, surveillance and other forms of restriction on freedom of expression are yet another core tactic of silencing dissent and further isolating and endangering Baloch voices.

It is imperative that human rights are upheld and never sacrificed in the name of security.

<strong>We call on the Pakistani authorities to:</strong>
- Immediately and unconditionally release all Baloch HRDs and their family members arbitrarily detained solely for peacefully exercising their rights in line with the right to liberty and safety.
- Drop all charges against HRDs based solely on the exercise of their rights.
- Pending their release, ensure the safety of HRDs and family members, including by sharing accurate information about their whereabouts, providing effective access to family members, legal counsel and medical treatment.
- Conduct a thorough, impartial, effective and transparent investigation into the allegations of torture and mistreatment by Pakistani authorities of Baloch HRDs under detention.
- End the crackdown against HRDs, journalists, protesters and dissidents by ensuring their right to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly are fully protected.
- Cease all forms of reprisals against family members of HRDs.
- Conduct an effective, prompt, thorough and impartial investigation into the unlawful use of force against protesters on 21 March in Quetta and bring those suspected of responsibility to justice through fair trials.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>El Salvador: Escalada de persecución y ataques a la libertad de prensa contra el periódico digital El Faro</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/el-salvador-escalada-de-persecucion-y-ataques-a-la-libertad-de-prensa-contra-el-periodico-digital-el-faro/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2025 07:40:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=23373</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<strong><em>Las organizaciones internacionales firmantes expresamos nuestra preocupación por la escalada de persecución y las amenazas de criminalización que viven periodistas del medio digital salvadoreño El Faro, por parte del régimen del presidente Nayib Bukele.</em></strong>

El 3 de mayo de 2025, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQSpOfofWhA" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393536">El Faro denunció</a> que la Fiscalía General de la República estaría preparando órdenes de captura contra al menos siete de sus periodistas. Los ataques han surgido tras la publicación de una <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAdcoYRhr70" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393539">investigación</a> en la que dos ex-líderes pandilleros dan cuenta de pactos de tres de las principales pandillas con el entorno del presidente Nayib Bukele y revelan presuntos nexos entre el gobierno y estructuras de crimen organizado. A raíz de su trabajo periodístico el medio reportó una campaña de difamación y calumnias en su contra a través de redes sociales.

En 2021, la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) <a href="https://www.oas.org/es/cidh/decisiones/pdf/2021/res_12-2021_mc-1051-20_es.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393541">otorgó medidas cautelares</a> a hombres y mujeres integrantes de El Faro, al considerar que enfrentaban una situación de riesgo grave debido a amenazas directamente relacionadas con su labor periodística y el ejercicio de su libertad de expresión sobre temas de interés público.

<a href="https://citizenlab.ca/2022/01/proyecto-torogoz-hackeo-extensivo-de-los-medios-de-comunicacion-y-la-sociedad-civil-en-el-salvador-con-el-programa-espia-pegasus/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393543">Un peritaje técnico</a> realizado por Citizen Lab de la Universidad de Toronto y la organización Access Now reveló que al menos 35 personas —incluyendo 22 miembros de El Faro— fueron objeto de espionaje mediante el software Pegasus, un programa de origen israelí que solo es vendido a Estados. Frente a estos hallazgos, la CIDH, su Relatoría Especial para la Libertad de Expresión (RELE) y la Oficina Regional del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos (OACNUDH) <a href="https://www.oas.org/pt/CIDH/jsForm/?File=/es/cidh/prensa/comunicados/2022/022.asp" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393545">expresaron su preocupación</a>, subrayando que los teléfonos del equipo de El Faro fueron intervenidos de manera sistemática entre junio de 2020 y noviembre de 2021, en coincidencia con la publicación de investigaciones de alto interés público.

Las recientes amenazas contra El Faro se enmarcan en un patrón sistemático de criminalización y hostigamiento al periodismo independiente en El Salvador, caracterizado por un incremento sostenido de agresiones, la participación directa de funcionarios públicos en dichos actos y la implementación de un marco normativo restrictivo que contraviene estándares internacionales y limita gravemente el ejercicio de la libertad de prensa.

Al respecto, la Asociación de Periodistas de El Salvador (APES) <a href="https://apes.org.sv/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Informe_LPES_2024_1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393548">documentó 789 agresiones contra periodistas</a> en 2024, lo que representa un aumento del 154% en comparación con las 311 registradas en 2023. Siete de cada diez de estas agresiones habrían sido cometidas por funcionarios públicos, consolidando al Estado salvadoreño, por acción u omisión, como el principal agresor de la prensa nacional. APES califica esta situación como un contexto de “asedio permanente” contra el ejercicio periodístico. Organismos internacionales, así como medios de comunicación de distintos países, han manifestado su preocupación ante esta situación.

Frente a esta situación, la CIDH y su RELE han reiterado que el Estado de El Salvador tiene la obligación de garantizar que periodistas y personas comunicadoras puedan ejercer su labor sin ser objeto de criminalización, intimidación o violencia. En el contexto actual salvadoreño, en el que las garantías fundamentales se ven particularmente vulneradas, el periodismo cumple una función esencial de fiscalización democrática, contribuyendo a visibilizar abusos de poder y violaciones a derechos humano, tal como lo ha expresado la CIDH en su <a href="https://www.oas.org/es/cidh/informes/pdfs/2024/Informe_EstadoExcepcionDDHH_ElSalvador.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393551">Informe Estado de excepción y derechos humanos en El Salvador</a> de 2024.

En este marco, hacemos un llamado urgente a la comunidad internacional, y en particular a la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, así como a las relatorías de ambos sistemas regionales y de Naciones Unidas en materia de libertad de expresión, a mantenerse vigilantes frente a los ataques contra la prensa en El Salvador. Reafirmamos que el Estado salvadoreño debe abstenerse de perseguir judicialmente a periodistas y asegurar un entorno propicio para el ejercicio pleno del derecho a la libertad de expresión y, por el contrario, investigar el origen de la persecución, seguimiento, amenazas y ataques contra El Faro y sus integrantes.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<strong><em>Las organizaciones internacionales firmantes expresamos nuestra preocupación por la escalada de persecución y las amenazas de criminalización que viven periodistas del medio digital salvadoreño El Faro, por parte del régimen del presidente Nayib Bukele.</em></strong>

El 3 de mayo de 2025, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQSpOfofWhA" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393536">El Faro denunció</a> que la Fiscalía General de la República estaría preparando órdenes de captura contra al menos siete de sus periodistas. Los ataques han surgido tras la publicación de una <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAdcoYRhr70" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393539">investigación</a> en la que dos ex-líderes pandilleros dan cuenta de pactos de tres de las principales pandillas con el entorno del presidente Nayib Bukele y revelan presuntos nexos entre el gobierno y estructuras de crimen organizado. A raíz de su trabajo periodístico el medio reportó una campaña de difamación y calumnias en su contra a través de redes sociales.

En 2021, la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) <a href="https://www.oas.org/es/cidh/decisiones/pdf/2021/res_12-2021_mc-1051-20_es.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393541">otorgó medidas cautelares</a> a hombres y mujeres integrantes de El Faro, al considerar que enfrentaban una situación de riesgo grave debido a amenazas directamente relacionadas con su labor periodística y el ejercicio de su libertad de expresión sobre temas de interés público.

<a href="https://citizenlab.ca/2022/01/proyecto-torogoz-hackeo-extensivo-de-los-medios-de-comunicacion-y-la-sociedad-civil-en-el-salvador-con-el-programa-espia-pegasus/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393543">Un peritaje técnico</a> realizado por Citizen Lab de la Universidad de Toronto y la organización Access Now reveló que al menos 35 personas —incluyendo 22 miembros de El Faro— fueron objeto de espionaje mediante el software Pegasus, un programa de origen israelí que solo es vendido a Estados. Frente a estos hallazgos, la CIDH, su Relatoría Especial para la Libertad de Expresión (RELE) y la Oficina Regional del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos (OACNUDH) <a href="https://www.oas.org/pt/CIDH/jsForm/?File=/es/cidh/prensa/comunicados/2022/022.asp" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393545">expresaron su preocupación</a>, subrayando que los teléfonos del equipo de El Faro fueron intervenidos de manera sistemática entre junio de 2020 y noviembre de 2021, en coincidencia con la publicación de investigaciones de alto interés público.

Las recientes amenazas contra El Faro se enmarcan en un patrón sistemático de criminalización y hostigamiento al periodismo independiente en El Salvador, caracterizado por un incremento sostenido de agresiones, la participación directa de funcionarios públicos en dichos actos y la implementación de un marco normativo restrictivo que contraviene estándares internacionales y limita gravemente el ejercicio de la libertad de prensa.

Al respecto, la Asociación de Periodistas de El Salvador (APES) <a href="https://apes.org.sv/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Informe_LPES_2024_1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393548">documentó 789 agresiones contra periodistas</a> en 2024, lo que representa un aumento del 154% en comparación con las 311 registradas en 2023. Siete de cada diez de estas agresiones habrían sido cometidas por funcionarios públicos, consolidando al Estado salvadoreño, por acción u omisión, como el principal agresor de la prensa nacional. APES califica esta situación como un contexto de “asedio permanente” contra el ejercicio periodístico. Organismos internacionales, así como medios de comunicación de distintos países, han manifestado su preocupación ante esta situación.

Frente a esta situación, la CIDH y su RELE han reiterado que el Estado de El Salvador tiene la obligación de garantizar que periodistas y personas comunicadoras puedan ejercer su labor sin ser objeto de criminalización, intimidación o violencia. En el contexto actual salvadoreño, en el que las garantías fundamentales se ven particularmente vulneradas, el periodismo cumple una función esencial de fiscalización democrática, contribuyendo a visibilizar abusos de poder y violaciones a derechos humano, tal como lo ha expresado la CIDH en su <a href="https://www.oas.org/es/cidh/informes/pdfs/2024/Informe_EstadoExcepcionDDHH_ElSalvador.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-link-id="1442393551">Informe Estado de excepción y derechos humanos en El Salvador</a> de 2024.

En este marco, hacemos un llamado urgente a la comunidad internacional, y en particular a la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, así como a las relatorías de ambos sistemas regionales y de Naciones Unidas en materia de libertad de expresión, a mantenerse vigilantes frente a los ataques contra la prensa en El Salvador. Reafirmamos que el Estado salvadoreño debe abstenerse de perseguir judicialmente a periodistas y asegurar un entorno propicio para el ejercicio pleno del derecho a la libertad de expresión y, por el contrario, investigar el origen de la persecución, seguimiento, amenazas y ataques contra El Faro y sus integrantes.]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>RDC : Des journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains pris·es pour cibles à Bukavu</title>
		<link>https://observatoryfordefenders.org/fr/alert/rdc-des-journalistes-et-defenseur%c2%b7es-des-droits-humains-pris%c2%b7es-pour-cibles-a-bukavu/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Yasmine Louanchi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2025 09:50:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<guid isPermaLink="false">https://observatoryfordefenders.org/?post_type=alert&#038;p=23319</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<strong>Bukavu - Genève, 06 mai 2025</strong> – <em>L’Observatoire pour la protection des défenseur.es des droits humains (OMCT-FIDH) exprime sa vive inquiétude face aux attaques répétées et ciblées contre des journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains à Bukavu, dans l’Est de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC). Deux cas récents illustrent une volonté manifeste des parties aux conflits de faire taire les voix critiques et indépendantes dans une région marquée par l’occupation armée, les conflits persistants et l’impunité.</em>

<strong>Enlevé, torturé et laissé pour mort : le cas du journaliste Amisi Musada Émérite</strong>

Le 15 avril 2025, le journaliste Amisi Musada Émérite, collaborateur du média en ligne <em>Deboutrdc.net </em>et cyberactiviste dénoncant les violations des droits humains commises par toutes les parties au conflit, a disparu après avoir quitté son domicile pour se rendre à son lieu de travail. Depuis plusieurs jours, il recevait des menaces de mort d’un individu se présentant comme un officier militaire et le ciblant, lui ainsi que son média, pour ses enquêtes journalistiques.

<strong>Monsieur Amisi a été re</strong><strong>trouvé affaibli et en état de choc,</strong> le 19 avril 2025 en périphérie de Bukavu. Il<strong> portait les marques évidentes de torture</strong>. Il a été immédiatement hospitalisé. À ce jour, les auteurs de son enlèvement et des violences subies n’ont pas été identifiés, et <strong>aucune enquête sérieuse n’a été ouverte</strong>.

<strong>Violente attaque nocturne contre Me Arsène Lumpali, défenseur des droits humains</strong>

Dans la nuit du 30 avril 2025, le domicile de Me Arsène Lumpali, assistant à la Commission Diocésaine Justice et Paix de l’Archidiocèse de Bukavu, a été attaqué par des hommes lourdement armés. Cette <strong>deuxième attaque en moins de trois mois</strong> a laissé son habitation criblée de balles, notamment la chambre de ses enfants. Un de ses chiens, visé par les tirs, a été tué. Là encore, <strong>les assaillants ont agi en toute impunité</strong>, dans le but manifeste d’intimider voire de réduire au silence ce défenseur reconnu pour son engagement dans la documentation des violations des droits humains à Bukavu.

<strong>Des attaques inacceptables dans un contexte d’insécurité généralisée</strong>

Ces événements s’inscrivent dans une tendance alarmante de <strong>recrudescence des menaces, intimidations et violences </strong>visant les journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains opérant dans les provinces du Sud-Kivu, du Nord-Kivu et de l’Ituri, dans un contexte marqué par l’occupation de plusieurs zones par les forces de l’AFC/M23 et d’autres groupes armés.

L’Observatoire rappelle que les autorités congolaises ont l’obligation, en vertu du droit international, de <strong>garantir la sécurité et la protection</strong> des journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains, en particulier celles et ceux exposé·es à des risques accrus dans les zones de conflit. De même en vertu du droit international humanitaire, les groupes armés non étatiques ont l’obligation de respecter les droits humains et garantir la sécurité de toutes les personnes y compris les défenseurs des droits humains se trouvant sous leur juridiction.

<strong>Un besoin urgent de délocalisation et une pénurie critique de ressources</strong>

Face à la gravité des menaces, <strong>de nombreux défenseur·es et journalistes bloqué·es à Bukavu, Goma et dans les territoires environnants ont un besoin urgent d’être relocalisé·es vers des lieux plus sûrs</strong>, à l’intérieur ou à l’extérieur de la RDC. La fermeture des banques et l’absence de couloirs humanitaires sécurisés aggravent la situation des défenseur·e·s des droits humains et détériorent davantage une situation humanitaire déjà précaire.

L’Observatoire et ses partenaires font face à un <strong>manque criant de ressources</strong> pour répondre aux besoins d’urgence de plus d’une centaine d’acteurs·trices à risque déjà identifiés·es. Sans moyens supplémentaires, <strong>le silence sera imposé par la violence</strong>, faute de pouvoir mettre à l’abri celles et ceux qui en ont désespérément besoin.

<strong>L’Observatoire appelle les autorités congolaises, les acteurs armés et la communauté internationale à :</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>Garantir la <strong>protection immédiate</strong> des journalistes et défenseur·es menacé·es, y compris par des mécanismes de relocalisation d’urgence ;</li>
 	<li><strong>Respecter le droit international humanitaire</strong>, notamment par les groupes armés contrôlant certaines zones, en assurant la sécurité des voix critiques et des acteur·rices de la société civile ;</li>
 	<li>Ouvrir <strong>des enquêtes indépendantes</strong> sur les violations subies par Amisi Musada et Me Arsène Lumpali, et traduire les responsables en justice ;</li>
 	<li><strong>Mobiliser de toute urgence des ressources</strong> pour soutenir les organisations de protection locales et internationales en première ligne.</li>
</ul>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<strong>Bukavu - Genève, 06 mai 2025</strong> – <em>L’Observatoire pour la protection des défenseur.es des droits humains (OMCT-FIDH) exprime sa vive inquiétude face aux attaques répétées et ciblées contre des journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains à Bukavu, dans l’Est de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC). Deux cas récents illustrent une volonté manifeste des parties aux conflits de faire taire les voix critiques et indépendantes dans une région marquée par l’occupation armée, les conflits persistants et l’impunité.</em>

<strong>Enlevé, torturé et laissé pour mort : le cas du journaliste Amisi Musada Émérite</strong>

Le 15 avril 2025, le journaliste Amisi Musada Émérite, collaborateur du média en ligne <em>Deboutrdc.net </em>et cyberactiviste dénoncant les violations des droits humains commises par toutes les parties au conflit, a disparu après avoir quitté son domicile pour se rendre à son lieu de travail. Depuis plusieurs jours, il recevait des menaces de mort d’un individu se présentant comme un officier militaire et le ciblant, lui ainsi que son média, pour ses enquêtes journalistiques.

<strong>Monsieur Amisi a été re</strong><strong>trouvé affaibli et en état de choc,</strong> le 19 avril 2025 en périphérie de Bukavu. Il<strong> portait les marques évidentes de torture</strong>. Il a été immédiatement hospitalisé. À ce jour, les auteurs de son enlèvement et des violences subies n’ont pas été identifiés, et <strong>aucune enquête sérieuse n’a été ouverte</strong>.

<strong>Violente attaque nocturne contre Me Arsène Lumpali, défenseur des droits humains</strong>

Dans la nuit du 30 avril 2025, le domicile de Me Arsène Lumpali, assistant à la Commission Diocésaine Justice et Paix de l’Archidiocèse de Bukavu, a été attaqué par des hommes lourdement armés. Cette <strong>deuxième attaque en moins de trois mois</strong> a laissé son habitation criblée de balles, notamment la chambre de ses enfants. Un de ses chiens, visé par les tirs, a été tué. Là encore, <strong>les assaillants ont agi en toute impunité</strong>, dans le but manifeste d’intimider voire de réduire au silence ce défenseur reconnu pour son engagement dans la documentation des violations des droits humains à Bukavu.

<strong>Des attaques inacceptables dans un contexte d’insécurité généralisée</strong>

Ces événements s’inscrivent dans une tendance alarmante de <strong>recrudescence des menaces, intimidations et violences </strong>visant les journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains opérant dans les provinces du Sud-Kivu, du Nord-Kivu et de l’Ituri, dans un contexte marqué par l’occupation de plusieurs zones par les forces de l’AFC/M23 et d’autres groupes armés.

L’Observatoire rappelle que les autorités congolaises ont l’obligation, en vertu du droit international, de <strong>garantir la sécurité et la protection</strong> des journalistes et défenseur·es des droits humains, en particulier celles et ceux exposé·es à des risques accrus dans les zones de conflit. De même en vertu du droit international humanitaire, les groupes armés non étatiques ont l’obligation de respecter les droits humains et garantir la sécurité de toutes les personnes y compris les défenseurs des droits humains se trouvant sous leur juridiction.

<strong>Un besoin urgent de délocalisation et une pénurie critique de ressources</strong>

Face à la gravité des menaces, <strong>de nombreux défenseur·es et journalistes bloqué·es à Bukavu, Goma et dans les territoires environnants ont un besoin urgent d’être relocalisé·es vers des lieux plus sûrs</strong>, à l’intérieur ou à l’extérieur de la RDC. La fermeture des banques et l’absence de couloirs humanitaires sécurisés aggravent la situation des défenseur·e·s des droits humains et détériorent davantage une situation humanitaire déjà précaire.

L’Observatoire et ses partenaires font face à un <strong>manque criant de ressources</strong> pour répondre aux besoins d’urgence de plus d’une centaine d’acteurs·trices à risque déjà identifiés·es. Sans moyens supplémentaires, <strong>le silence sera imposé par la violence</strong>, faute de pouvoir mettre à l’abri celles et ceux qui en ont désespérément besoin.

<strong>L’Observatoire appelle les autorités congolaises, les acteurs armés et la communauté internationale à :</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>Garantir la <strong>protection immédiate</strong> des journalistes et défenseur·es menacé·es, y compris par des mécanismes de relocalisation d’urgence ;</li>
 	<li><strong>Respecter le droit international humanitaire</strong>, notamment par les groupes armés contrôlant certaines zones, en assurant la sécurité des voix critiques et des acteur·rices de la société civile ;</li>
 	<li>Ouvrir <strong>des enquêtes indépendantes</strong> sur les violations subies par Amisi Musada et Me Arsène Lumpali, et traduire les responsables en justice ;</li>
 	<li><strong>Mobiliser de toute urgence des ressources</strong> pour soutenir les organisations de protection locales et internationales en première ligne.</li>
</ul>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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